Remove Rust From Slate

Slate is a natural stone popular for flooring.

Slate is a natural stone frequently used for indoor and outdoor flooring. Though slate is durable and lends a classic look to any room, it's porous and has a tendency to absorb stains that are left unattended. Rust stains can occur on your slate surface when a metal or iron object is left on the slate and is exposed to water or moisture. Natural stone, such as slate, must be cared for and cleaned properly to maintain its condition. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Pour 1 cup diatomaceous earth into a bowl. Diatomaceous earth is a fine, powdery, nontoxic substance that comes from the earth and is sold in hardware stores. Add enough liquid commercial rust remover to the diatomaceous earth to make a paste the consistency of thick peanut butter.

2. Wet the slate at the site of the rust stain with distilled water. Use just enough water to dampen the surface.

3. With a rubber scraper, apply the diatomaceous earth and rust remover poultice to the rust stain on the slate. Make the poultice about 1 inch thick over the rust stain, and extend it about 1 inch beyond the edges of the rust stain.

4. Cut a piece of plastic wrap large enough to completely cover the poultice. Tape the plastic wrap over the poultice with masking tape.

5. Leave the poultice on the rust stain so it can dry completely; this usually takes 24 to 48 hours. Remove the plastic wrap and tape from the poultice after 24 hours to aid the drying process. As the poultice dries, it draws the rust stain out of the slate.

6. Lift the dry poultice material from the slate with your rubber scraper. Discard the poultice material, then rinse the slate with distilled water. Dry and buff the surface with a clean cloth.

Tags: rust stain, diatomaceous earth, plastic wrap, about inch, distilled water

Clean A Rusty Skillet

Don't toss that pan - a little elbow grease (and some real grease) is all it takes to bring a rusty cast-iron or steel skillet back to life. Add this to my Recipe Box.

Instructions

1. Assess the degree of rust on the skillet. If the rust forms only a thin coat on the outside, then the skillet can be saved. If the rust has penetrated deeper than about 1/8 inch, then it's probably doomed.

2. Use a steel scouring pad or a copper mesh scouring pad and a heavy-duty scouring powder mixed with hot water to scrub the skillet.

3. Scrub the entire skillet vigorously. If it still has some old "seasoning," or glazed-on oil, scrub this off as best you can.

4. If necessary, use a variable-speed drill fitted with a wire brush attachment to clean out and smooth deeper pockets of rust. This can also be used to clean the entire skillet.

5. When all the rust has been scrubbed off, wash the skillet well with regular soap and water, then rinse it in several changes of water.

6. Dry the skillet in a hot oven for at least 20 minutes and allow to cool completely.

7. Season the skillet well before using. (See "Season a Cast-Iron Skillet," under Related eHows, for instructions.)

Tags: entire skillet, skillet well

Clean Outdoor Lights

Outdoor light fixture

It is easy to forget to clean outdoor light fixtures. They are often taken for granted, both for their decorative addition to a setting and for the welcome (and safe) light they cast. Improve both qualities by cleaning your outdoor light fixtures at least twice a year. It's not difficult to do and doesn't require special equipment. It does, however, require some time and careful attention to avoid getting water into electrical sockets. To avoid the hazardous effects of that misstep, switch off the circuit that powers the fixtures while cleaning them (and for a short time afterward) to ensure everything is dry. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Clean Outdoor Lights

1. Make sure the light switch is turned off.

2. If needed, secure a ladder near light fixtures you cannot reach from the ground.

3. Remove any globes, shields or grills with an appropriate tool (most likely a screwdriver); then unscrew and remove the light bulbs (or fluorescent tubes). Set all parts aside.

4. Fill two large buckets with hot water and add dish soap. Agitate the water to create suds.

5. Place removed items (not the light bulbs) in one bucket.

6. Saturate a rag or sponge with sudsy water from the second bucket, and use that to wipe down the parts of the light fixture that you could not remove. Keep water from running into open sockets.

7. Rinse the fixed pieces with water; remove the loosened pieces from their bucket, wipe them down and rinse them as well.

8. When all pieces are dry, apply polish or wax to metal parts if desired; use glass cleaner to clean glass globes or shades.

9. Wipe off light bulbs or tubes with a damp rag (or replace them if burned out), being careful not to get the end that screws into the socket wet; then reassemble the light fixtures.

Tags: light fixtures, light bulbs, Clean Outdoor, Clean Outdoor Lights, light fixture

Use A Sizzle Plate

Steaks and chops can be finished cooking in an oven with the use of sizzle plates.

Have you ever been to a Mexican restaurant and ordered fajitas? When they were brought to your table, they not only smelled great but made an enticing "sizzling" sound. That's because the fajitas are being brought to you on a sizzle plate, which is used by chefs to not only serve your food, but also to finish your entree in the oven or broiler. These useful metal (stainless steel, aluminum or cast iron) plates also can be used in the home kitchen. Add this to my Recipe Box.

Instructions

1. Finish cooking grilled or pan-seared meats. If you are grilling or pan-searing off several items, such as steaks, sizzle plates can be useful. Set your oven to high temperature, such as 500 degrees Fahrenheit (not broil), and place the necessary amount of sizzle plates in the over to preheat them.

2. Grill your steaks in two batches. Be sure to mark the outside of the steak, such as with grill marks, while cooking. When the first batch almost is finished cooking, remove them from the grill and place them on the hot sizzle plates. While you are cooking the second batch, the first batch can finish cooking in the oven, allowing you to be able to cook several items at once. When you have finished cooking the second batch, remove the first batch from the oven wearing oven mitts, remove the meat from the sizzle plate (so there is no overcooking) and allow to rest for 5 minutes before serving.

3. Use sizzle plates as a serving dish. You also can use sizzle plates for an impressive presentation at the dinner table. Place the necessary amount of sizzle plates in a 500 degree Fahrenheit oven and heat for 10 minutes. Cook your entree item, such as beef fajitas, as you normally would, by saut ing. When cooking is complete, remove the sizzle plates from the oven and set into wood underliners. Place the cooked food on the sizzle plates, making sure that some of the cooking juices also make it on the plate (to make that "sizzle" sound). Serve immediately.

4. Use the sizzle plate to cook the food. Certain cast iron sizzle plates come with a handle similar to a skillet and can be used to cook with tableside. Thinly sliced meats and vegetables, such as those used for Mongolian barbecue, can be quickly cooked by the residual heat of the sizzle plate. Heat the sizzle plate in a 500-degree Fahrenheit oven and heat for 10 minutes. Using an oven mitt, place the sizzle plate on a wood underliner and bring to the table with the items to be cooked. Add a tablespoon of cooking oil and saut the food until done. Serve immediately.

Tags: sizzle plates, sizzle plate, finished cooking, first batch, amount sizzle, amount sizzle plates

Identify An Antique Treadle Sewing Machine

Table top machine, supported by cast-iron treadle mount

In 1850 Isaac M. Singer envisioned the treadle, a cast-iron, foot-powered pedal, as a convenient, marketable device to power sewing machines. Although he did not invent the treadle or patent it, his New Family Model 12 (1865-1902) made the treadle machine affordable for approximately two million customers, according to International Sewing Machine Collectors' Society (ISMACS). This antique treadle model, just one among many, offered more manual freedom and greater control of fabric than previous hand-cranked models. To identify antique treadle machines, note design features, serial numbers and trademarks.

Instructions

1. Recognize the basic components of an antique treadle machine, including the entire cast-iron treadle mount supporting the table top. Also note the foot pedal attached to a treadle rod and the treadle belt made of leather. A treadle machine has no electronic connection or plastic parts.

2. Examine distinctive design features. For example, a Kimball & Morton treadle, first manufactured in 1868, had an eagle and lion design on the treadle end casting, accompanied by the words "Strength and Speed." The Singer name often appeared in cast iron above the treadle. Sometimes treadles hid within ornate parlor cabinets, designed more for show and status than hard work.

3. Locate a serial number on your machine to identify its age. Collectors, such as Berzack, collect antique treadles through the 1940s but focus on those produced before 1900. Some manufacturers, such as Singer, have extensive records about their serial numbers after 1870. The White Sewing Machine Company, a major rival to Singer after 1926, has less extensive records. Numerous sites, such as ISMACS, Singer or White can help with the identification of your antique treadle machine.

4. Search for a trademark on your pre-1950 treadle sewing machine but acknowledge its limitations. Years ago, distributors acquiring at least 100 machines would "badge" them with their own trademark or name, disguising the original manufacturer, including foreign imports. Sears placed its brand name on many machines, including the popular Franklin Rotary that the White Sewing Machine Company produced. In contrast, the Singer Sewing Company never put another distributor's name on its products, according to Berzack's interview in Collectors Weekly.

5. Differentiate among early Singer imitations when identifying your antique treadle machine. In 1894, the Goodrich Sewing Machine Company called one of its treadle machines the "Improved Singer." Manufacturers even copied the "S" emblem from Singer. Many companies that sold their machines in the Sears Roebuck catalog copied early 1900 Singer models. For example, the Davis company imitated Singer's attractive Memphis decals with an Egyptian equivalent. After using the Davis models, Sears switched to Domestic, a company that also replicated Singer designs.

6. Use the information you have gathered to assess the value of your machine or to find needed parts. The ISMACS website can provide you with comprehensive information about collections through its numerous links.

Tags: Sewing Machine, treadle machine, antique treadle, antique treadle machine, Machine Company, Sewing Machine Company, cast-iron treadle

Paint An Iron Bed

You can paint a cast-iron bed or one with wrought-iron elements with enamel paint or spray paint that is formulated for metal. Cleaning the iron is an important consideration, especially if the iron is old and rusty. Removing old, peeling paint is another factor to consider before you can create a smooth, even finish. Follow these step-by-step instructions to clean and paint a bed made from iron. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Scrape off any rust, peeling paint or other debris from your cast- or wrought-iron bed with a wire brush. Place the bed outside or on a covered work surface to protect your floors from the mess. Wear a mask to protect against inhaling the iron particles or paint dust.

2. Wash your iron bed with a 50-50 mixture of bleach and hot water. Wearing rubber gloves, wet a coarse cloth and wipe down the bed. Dry the bed with a towel or let it sit in the sun to air dry.

3. Prime the iron with a quality primer designed for metal, like Rustoleum. If there are nooks and crannies where a brush would be difficult to get into, spraying prime onto the bed may be easier and faster. The primer will seal the iron and allow for a smoother surface when you add paint. Let the primer dry.

4. Follow the directions on your metal primer can regarding whether you need to sand the surface before applying paint. If your iron bed is old with rough spots, sanding the primer is a good idea to help ensure a smoother finish. Sand the bed with medium-grade sandpaper, then follow up with light-grade sandpaper to remove any scratches left by the rougher paper. Remove the sandpaper debris with a tacky cloth and add another coat of primer. Let the primer dry. For older cast-iron beds, repeat the sanding and priming step to achieve the smoothest surface possible. Any imperfection visible on your primed bed will be emphasized on your painted bed, especially if you use high-gloss paint.

5. Apply a coat of enamel paint or spray a layer of metal paint onto the surface of your iron bed. Smooth strokes with a brush or an even, back-and-forth motion with the spray paint will leave a silky finish. Let the first coat dry according to the manufacturer's instructions and then apply a second coat.

Tags: iron with, your iron, enamel paint, enamel paint spray, paint spray, peeling paint

What Are Longaberger Baskets

The Longaberger Company, an American craft company, was founded in 1973 by Dave Longaberger, based on his family's affinity for making baskets. The company, located in Dresden, Ohio, is the foremost handcrafted basket company in the U.S. In addition to baskets, the company sells Woven Traditions Pottery and ceramics; Comfort Food; Sisters Purses; wrought iron pieces, basket protectors and liners; fabric accessories and home d cor items.

Quality Products Created by Artisans

Longaberger baskets are durable and good-looking, and they are handmade by artisans. The products are sold by Longaberger Consultants. They are also available online and at their store in Columbus and their homestead in Dresden. Longaberger baskets are constructed out of select maple hardwood and are signed by the basket-maker. Originally, the baskets made by the Longaberger family were created for local farmers and a pottery factory. In addition, the Longabergers created Easter baskets for children in the Dresden, Ohio community and laundry and marketing baskets for homemakers, notes Basketdude.com.

Consultants

Thousands of Longaberger home consultants sell the Longaberger wares at home shows. The company provides its consultants with guidance, a collection of quality products and the necessary tools. Consultants receive a commission, monthly sample discounts, a free website and bonuses based on sales. Incentives, recognition and trips are also given to those consultants who do well. To become a Longaberger consultant you must invest initially in a starter kit, which includes the home consultant agreement; guest order forms, brochures; wish lists; flyers; show invitations and a notebook. The Business Basics Kit costs quite a bit more, but you can pay for it over a six-month period. The Business Builder Kit is the most expensive, but it too can be paid for over six months.

Hostesses

You can host Longaberger show in your home, which earns you bonus offers and free hostess dollars. If you host a party and sell a certain amount of products, you earn hostess dollars as well as two selections at half-price and free shipping and handling.

Damaged Baskets

If you have a basket that has been damaged and needs repair, contact a home consultant or send your basket to the Longaberger Company. Include a basket restoration form, which can be found on the Longaberger website.

Tags: baskets company, Dresden Ohio, home consultant, hostess dollars, Longaberger Company

Lawn Chair Tips

Wrought iron makes a durable chair for patio or lawn.

Lawn chairs come in a variety of configurations, materials and coverings, from plastic to wood to iron. Useful for outdoor seating, dining, sunbathing and relaxing, lawn chairs are available to fit almost any need and any budget. Furnish your backyard with adult or child-sized chairs, bar stools, low- or high-backed dining chairs, gliders, rockers or chaise lounges. If possible, sit on different types of chairs to help you decide which one is right for you. Does this Spark an idea?

Adjustable Furniture Adds Flexibility

If you want to sunbathe in your yard, buy a chaise lounge with an adjustable back so you can either lie flat or sit up. If you like to sit up with your legs elevated or slightly elevated, pick a chaise with an adjustable or stationary lower leg section. Some chaises have adjustable back and lower leg sections.

Straight-backed lawn chairs also come with stationary or adjustable backs. These chairs have no footrests, but you can change the angle of an adjustable backrest from ramrod straight to various degrees of recline for added comfort.

Add Cushions for Comfort

Chair cushions may be included in the purchase, or the owner may choose to buy cushions at a department or outdoor furniture specialty store. Minimally, a towel draped along the length of a chaise lounge can increase comfort. Some straight-backed chairs come with cushions, or you can buy cushions that fit most standard chairs. Sets of chairs, usually packaged with an outdoor table, may be upholstered or cushioned. Inexpensive chairs may have webbing or waterproof fabric slings. Pads or cushions make these chairs much more comfortable. Back and seat cushions are a must for wrought iron and wicker seating.

Add Motion for Relaxation

Rocking chairs and gliders add soothing motion to your lawn seating. If you like a chair that moves but will not make you spill your food or beverage or cause motion sickness while you are reading, the glider offers stability and level movement back and forth. A rocking chair tips slightly down as you rock forward and up as you rock backward, making it harder to eat, drink or read comfortably while in motion. The motion of a rocker is a good choice if you simply want the gentle motion of the chair to relax you while you enjoy the fresh air.

Considerations

Metal-frame chairs will need to be painted eventually. How often depends upon the climate in your area and the quality of the furniture's original coating. Powder coated steel is more long-lasting, according to "Consumer Reports."

While most wooden and cast aluminum furniture may be left outside all year long, it is often best to store cushions in a clean, dry area for the winter to avoid freezing and cracking, mold and mildew. Follow manufacturer's instructions for cleaning and storage. Wicker and other natural woven materials should be vacuumed and wiped down with a damp cloth.

Light aluminum and plastic furniture varies widely in quality and durability. Some light aluminum chairs may bend or collapse under an overweight adult or child. Plastic chairs may become brittle if left outdoors year around and splinter or break.

Tags: adjustable back, chairs come, chairs gliders, chairs have, chaise lounge, come with

What Preservations Can Prevent Rust From Forming

Rust is a common problem in households as it can form on cars, furniture, cookware and other objects. Rust is corrosion that develops on metal and non-metal objects alike. When moisture and water combine with certain elements, rust forms. But there are ways to reduce the buildup of rust formation. Does this Spark an idea?

Time Frame

Rust occurs in different time frames depending on the object affected. Some objects are harder to rust than others, like stainless steel. Objects made of iron, however, can rust quite easily. To prevent extensive rust, the best thing to do is to remove the rust as soon as it appears. Rust that is not removed only spreads and gets worse.

Expert Insight

Oxidation is the scientific term for rust. Rusting is an electrochemical process in which an oxygen molecule combines with other elements to form a new compound---rust. The best way to prevent rust is to apply a rust-resistant coating to the object. Most rust-prone goods are manufactured with a protective coating that wears away over time. Reapplying the protective coating is an important step in preventing rust.

Types

There are factors that can increase the growth rate of rust. High temperatures and high humidity accelerate rust. Exposure to the sun also increases the rate at which rust grows. To reduce rust, keep objects in a cool and dry place. Dry off metal tools, appliances, cars and furniture immediately after use. Keep objects dry to prevent rust from developing.

Identification

In some cases, rust removal may be difficult because the rust is not noticeable. Iron creates reddish brown rust, but other metals like chrome or aluminum have silver-colored rust. One way to prevent rust is to examine metal objects on a regular basis to determine whether rust is starting to form. If it is, remove it quickly by scrubbing the object with a scrubbing pad or wire brush.

Considerations

There are many varieties of rust-resistant paints available. When the paint wears off of an object, repaint it soon. Lubricants also help to reduce rust from forming. The article "Outdoor Furniture" on the Clean Anything website suggests adding paste or liquid wax to the object. The wax protects the item from moisture. For other goods, applying a thin coat of mineral oil can keep rust at bay.

Tags: prevent rust, cars furniture, protective coating, reduce rust, rust from

Which Is Better For Patio Covers Aluminum Or Wood

A patio cover helps keep a patio dry.

Aluminum and wood have some very different properties, and they each have pros and cons as patio covers. One material is not necessarily better than the other; the ideal patio cover choice depends on the needs of the people who use the patio. Both materials will protect a patio from the elements. Does this Spark an idea?

Fire Safety

Metal roofing, such as aluminum patio covers, offer more fire protection than wood covers. Aluminum is not flammable, and fire should not pass through it. However, fires can spread across and through wooden patio covers. It is safer to use wood with a fire-resistant treatment than untreated wood, although both types of wood are less safe than aluminum.

Pest Problems

Since aluminum is a soft metal, rats and mice can gnaw on it just like they can gnaw on wood patio covers. Some pests, however prefer wood patio covers to aluminum. For example, termites, carpenter ants and wood-boring beetles tend to damage wood. Using a water-repellent preservative can help prevent insect damage to wooden patio covers.

Noise Levels

Rain is often very loud on an aluminum patio cover, and it is quieter on a wooden one. Individuals who live in rainy climates and value a quiet patio might prefer wood for this reason. However, some people find the sound of rain on an aluminum cover soothing. Aluminum dampens sound less than wood so it is also more likely to cause echoes of loud noises than wood.

Temperature Control

Both aluminum and wood patio covers will provide shade protection, but they can behave differently when it comes to temperature control. Lighter covers generally reflect more light and keep an area cooler than darker covers. Aluminum is often more reflective and more inclined to keep a patio cool than dark wooden patio covers. However, both types of patio covers will reflect a great deal of hot sunlight when painted with a reflective coating.

Installation and Maintenance Ease

Outdoor aluminum requires less maintenance than outdoor wood. Wood can suffer from mildew problems and rot brought on by moisture absorption, while aluminum does not have these issues. Aluminum is also thinner and lighter than heavy woods, making it easier to move and install as a patio cover. However, aluminum may be more difficult to cut and drill into than wood when building patio covers.

Tags: patio covers, patio cover, than wood, wood patio, wood patio covers, wooden patio, wooden patio covers

Hang Pots & Pans From The Ceiling

Pots and pans can clutter a kitchen workspace if not organized.

Kitchen space is often limited. Pots and pans can take up valuable cabinet and counter space. One solution is to hang pots and pans from the ceiling. A pot rack is an attractive option for hanging pots and pans from a ceiling. Pot racks provide more storage space in the kitchen, display your beautiful pots and pans, and provide easy access while cooking. Installation requires only a few tools that most people have around the house. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Hang Pots and Pans from the Ceiling

1. Determine the general location that you would like to place the pot rack. Run a stud finder along the ceiling in that area to locate two studs. Mark the studs with a pencil.

2. Measure from a wall to the studs. Mark an even measurement on both studs. Erase the original pencil marks.

3. Drill a 1/8-inch pilot hole at each of the pencil marks using a 1/8-inch pilot hole bit and a drill.

4. Screw a threaded pot rack hook into each hole and securely into the stud. The threaded pot rack hooks should have been included with your mounting hardware.

5. Place the top link of each pot rack chain that was included with your pot rack over each ceiling hook. Place the pot rack hooks into a chain line in each chain an equal distance down from the ceiling. Adjust the height as necessary. Remove any extra links from the bottom of the chain by spreading the link open with a pair of pliers.

6. Hang the pots and pans off of the hooks on the pot rack.

Tags: from ceiling, 8-inch pilot, 8-inch pilot hole, Hang Pots, Hang Pots Pans, included with, included with your

Create Planters From Found Items

Slip a plastic pot inside found containers if you wish to preserve the container.

One of the benefits of container gardening is that you aren't locked into a specific location and are free to experiment with the placement of your planters and the choice of containers. Although there are many commercial planters and pots available, using found items for planters allows you to create a whimsical garden that appeals to the senses. Nearly any item that provides adequate room for soil and provides drainage can be used as a planter. Fill old shoes and boots with flowing flowers and place them on the front steps. Old pots, cast iron kettles, discarded boxes, old bins, washtubs, bread boxes and discarded mailboxes also make good planters. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Drill drainage holes in the bottom of the planter. The size and number of holes depends on the size of the planter. Four to six 1/4- to 1/2-inch holes typically provides adequate drainage.

2. Line the inside of the container with a plastic pot and plastic liner, if you wish to preserve the container. Old wooden boxes make convenient planters, but over time the damp soil will deteriorate the wood. Slipping a small plant pot--with a saucer to catch drainage--inside an old boot prevents damage to the boot.

3. Fill the cavity of the planter with a mixture of equal parts potting soil, peat moss and perlite. This creates a lightweight soil mix that's suitable for container growing.

4. Purchase plant seedlings that enhance the overall shape and size of the planter. Large planters, such as old washtubs or dryer drums, can support large plants. Choose sunflowers, dahlias, and other tall plants for the center to add height. Add smaller mounding plants around your central plants and finish off with trailing flowers, such as alyssum or lobelia, around the edge.

5. Showcase smaller planters, such as old boots or shoes, by tucking one or two medium to small plants inside. Consider brightly colored flowers, such a nasturtiums, dwarf cosmos or daisies to create a country feel.

Tags: flowers such, planters such, preserve container, provides adequate, size planter

Cook On A 1928 Home Comfort Wood Cooking Stove

Wrought Iron Range Company of St. Louis began making Home Comfort wood cook stoves in the late 1800s and continued the line until the 1940s. These cook stoves revolutionized the way women cooked, as homemakers no longer had to bend over a hearth to prepare the family meal. The stoves, made of cast iron and coated with enamel, also helped to heat the home and provide hot water. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Lighting the Stove

1. Insert the lid lifter into the openings on the round cooking plates on the top of the stove, lift the lids and remove them from the holes.

2. Lift the rectangular stove plate into the upward position. This is located on the left side of the stove above the wood box.

3. Place several sheets of crumbled up newspaper into the fire box. Add two or three sticks of stove wood to the box and light the paper on fire using a match. Stove wood should be approximately 12 inches long and no more than 3 to 4 inches in diameter or width, if using split wood. Once the fire has caught, add more wood to fill the firebox. Hickory, maple or oak are good woods to burn.

4. Lower the stove plate back into position and return the cooking plates to their proper holes in the stovetop.

5. Allow the fire to burn, heating up the stove. Adjust the draft for the fire using the sliding rod on the draft door just below the firebox. Closing the draft slide helps to keep the heat inside the stove.

6. Fill the water reservoir on the far left of the oven with water for a steady supply of hot water. Not all models of the 1928 Home Comfort range included the reservoir.

Cooking on the Stove

7. Place food to be cooked in a heavy pot, pan or skillet.

8. Set the pot on the stove, matching the bottom of the pot to the stove rings on the stovetop.

9. Cook the food, much as you would on a gas or electric stove. Cooking times may vary quite a bit, as the heat from a wood cook stove is not always even.

10. Bake breads, cakes and other dishes in the oven by closing the damper on the stove so the hot air will circulate around the oven.

11. Keep foods warm by placing them in the warmer oven above the cook stove.

Tags: Home Comfort, 1928 Home, 1928 Home Comfort, cook stove, cook stoves, cooking plates, Cooking Stove

Classy Table Decoration Ideas For Halloween

Sometimes the focus of Halloween becomes campy and childish. While ghosts, witches and bats may be whimsical and festive, they tend to lack the elegant appearance often desired by those holding a dinner party for adults. Fortunately, classy table decorations set out for Halloween can be used to create a table that can be enjoyed by children and adults alike. This year, you can use holiday-related items to create a classy atmosphere for your Halloween celebration. Does this Spark an idea?

Fruits of the Holiday

Pumpkins and fall vegetables are inexpensive and colorful.

During the fall holiday season, several vegetable varieties are available for both consumption and decoration. Small pumpkins and other squashes in a variety of colors may be used to create a classy table arrangement for Halloween. Use a medium-sized pumpkin and several smaller-sized gourds to make a grouping in the center of the table, or set a line of very small pumpkins down the table's center. Alternatively, you can group together a variety of the fall vegetables in different sizes to create a natural centerpiece.

Flowers

A single orange flower adds class to a table for Halloween.

Historically, the color orange has incorporated itself into Halloween decoration ideas. Keeping with this spirit, add classy touch to a table with orange flowers. Place a large group of orange flowers, either silk or real, in a large vase centered on the table. If a vase is not desirable, create small bundles of the flowers tied together with black ribbon and place them alongside place mats or in a line in the center of the table. For a simpler arrangement, a single orange flower might be placed on decorative plates or on top of table napkins.

Candles

The dark nature of Halloween lends itself to candlelight. To create a classy table decoration for the holiday, use candles and holders to accentuate the ominous and almost scary feeling of the day. Wrought iron holders are available commercially in a variety of shapes and sizes. Pair the black holders with light orange candles for your centerpiece or place several in various positions along the dining table. Silver or clear candleholders might hold black candles or a combination of orange and black. If you have no intention of lighting the candles, adorn them with matching ribbon.

Tablecloths and Decor

Creating a classy table for Halloween may be as simple as using the right tablecloth. For this spooky holiday, choose a black, lace covering for the table. The lace will imbue the room with an air of class while the black illuminates the nature of the holiday. The dark cloth may be accented with pale orange place mats or plain black plates and napkins. Consider covering chairs with matching lace cloth.

Tags: classy table, create classy, center table, create classy table, fall vegetables, orange flower, orange flowers

Hang Mirror Wall Tiles

Mirrored wall tiles may add light to a room and double its size, appearance-wise. Reflective mirrors bounce both natural and artificial light around a room, changing both the lighting and ultimately the appearance of a room. In addition, mirrored tiles can deceive the onlooker into believing a room is up to twice its actual size. Using a full wall or even just a border of these tiles will give any room a change. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Decide on the arrangement of the mirrored tiles and lay them face down on the floor in front of the intended area.

2. Apply double-sided tape or epoxy adhesive around the entire edge of each tile. For larger tiles, make an "X" shape across the back.

3. Press the tile onto the desired spot on the wall. Hold it in place for two to three seconds before you release it.

Tags: mirrored tiles

Iron Canopy Bed Guide

Iron canopy beds provide stability and serve as a focal point in a bedroom.

Iron canopy beds have been around for centuries. In Medieval Europe, iron canopy beds were designed for their function rather than visual appeal. An iron canopy bed adds a strong visual and physical element to a bedroom. Iron canopy beds can work in various decor motifs, including contemporary or traditional. They can also be dressed up to create a romantic bedroom. Does this Spark an idea?

Iron Finishes

Traditionally, iron bed frames are black. However, wrought iron canopy bed frames are also available in various other premium finishes and can be painted white as well. Other finishes include gunmetal, brass, copper, hand-rubbed bronze and pewter. Each finish provides a different look to the bed frame; the best choice varies depending on the bedroom's style and your personal taste.

Cost

The cost of a canopy bed greatly depends on the quality of the frame. Antique iron canopy beds can run upwards of $5,000, while some new iron canopy beds can cost as little as $250 as of the time of publication. Unfortunately, less costly models tend to reflect their lower price with lower quality frames. Antique and more costly iron beds are often too expensive for the average consumer, so most people opt for something in the middle that performs well and looks attractive but is affordable as well.

Shopping Tips

Canopy beds can be found by various means. One way to find good quality wrought iron antique beds is by visiting auction houses, where most antique pieces end up. The Internet is another place where canopy beds of various qualities, finishes and prices are found. Four popular canopy iron manufacturers include Charles P. Rogers Beds, Humble Abode, Carolina Rustica and Claudio Rayes.

Maintenance

Proper care for an iron bed is important, especially if the bed was expensive. Dust iron canopy beds regularly and wash them with soap and water at least once a year. Dry them quickly after washing. A good quality car wax can be used to maintain the finished seal. Canopy beds tend to rust in the areas they were welded and should be inspected regularly. A toothbrush and cleaner can be used on rusty spots; the cleaner should dry thoroughly.

Tags: canopy beds, iron canopy, iron canopy beds, Iron canopy beds, bedroom Iron, bedroom Iron canopy

Attach A Wroughtiron Fence To A Block Post

Wrought-iron fences come in simple or elaborate styles.

Block posts are solid square posts used in fence building. Available in materials such as wood, concrete, stone, metal and plastic, ensure you avoid the plastic for this project, as it may not be strong enough for wrought iron. Metal posts usually come predrilled and ready for installation; however, if you need to install a wrought-iron panel onto a wood or masonry post, such as at a gate, you'll need your own tools to finish the job. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Hold the wrought-iron fence panel up to the block post, and line it up at the desired height. Have someone assist you.

2. Measure the distance between the bottom of the fence panel and the ground -- to ensure it's even in height to the rest of the fence and that it's level.

3. Mark where you want the screws to go into the fence post, using a pencil or piece of tape. The marks need to line up with the brackets on the fence panel. Mark for both the top and bottom brackets.

4. Drill pilot holes into the fence post using a drill bit that's slightly smaller than the screws you're using. Make pilot holes for all the brackets on the panel.

5. Align the fence panel's bracket up with the pilot holes, and screw the panel in position using long wood screws. Repeat for all the brackets on the fence panel.

Tags: fence panel, pilot holes, brackets fence, brackets fence panel, fence post, fence post using

Different Designs Of Beds

When entering a bedroom the eye is immediately drawn to the bed. From the simple to the elaborate, the design and style of bed that you choose for your bedroom can drastically effect the overall decor and feel of your room. The style of bed should not only match your comfort level but your own personal style. Does this Spark an idea?

Futon and Sofa Beds

First seen in Japan, futon beds are designed to save space. The East inspired the Western culture, with several variations throughout the years. The futon was only a thin mattress that could be easily rolled away. In Western culture, futons incorporated a light and simple frame, made of either wood or wrought iron.

A sofa bed is also known as a hide-a-bed or sleeper sofa. Sofa beds are engineered to fold into the base of a sofa and transform a love seat or sofa into a bed. The main purpose for this type of bed is to allow for family or visiting guests to a place to stay overnight.

Platform and Canopy Beds

Those looking for a bed that is stylish yet simple may be drawn to a platform bed. Platform beds are plain beds made of either wood or metal without a footboard or a headboard. They are closer to the floor than the average bed.

Canopy beds or four-poster beds tend to be very elaborate. Canopy beds are more common in the United Kingdom. A canopy frame, which is the same size and shape of the bed, is attached to the four posts and typically is decorated with drapes. Canopy beds come in sizes ranging from single to king.

Murphy and Bunk Beds

Murphy beds were created to cope with the lack of space in small apartments. Murphy beds can easily be folded into a closet or wall when not in use. Murphy beds come in two types; one that can be folded into an attached closet and the other folded away into a wall.

Bunk beds are a very practical bedroom solution for teens and kids. Bunk beds are typically two or three beds. There are many safety issues when it comes to the height of bunk beds. A variation to the bunk bed is the loft bed. The difference with a loft bed is the lower space is used for a purpose other than sleeping, like a study desk or for extra storage.

Tags: Canopy beds, Murphy beds, beds come, either wood, folded into

Instructions For Installing Iron Balusters

Instructions for Installing Iron Balusters

As you look for an attractive way to remodel or finish a deck, stairway, or porch, iron balusters are a good choice to consider. Iron balusters come in many different shapes and sizes and offer a whole new look when it comes to railings of any kind. Although the job is time consuming, it is not a task that requires skilled craftsmanship. Does this Spark an idea?

Removing Old Balusters

If you're remodeling an area that already has railings, you will need to remove the old wooden balusters. The easiest way to do this is to cut them in the middle and then remove the two sections. Some are just nailed in and can be pulled out. If the old baluster does not pull easily, try turning the baluster counter clockwise, as some are screwed in. Older homes may have dovetailed balusters. In this case, cut the baluster flush with the stair tread or remove the side panel of the stair tread and knock out the baluster from there.

Getting a Good Fit

Drill a hole in the center of the space left behind by the old wood baluster to make way for the iron baluster. Get a proper length for the baluster by placing it upside down in the new hole. Mark the opposite end (which is the actual bottom of the baluster) where the underneath side of the handrail hole lines up with the baluster. Make sure the baluster is level, or the length will not be correct. This mark designates where the iron baluster needs to be cut in order to fit. Never cut the top of the iron baluster, as the bulk of the design is usually at its top. A metal chop saw can be used or a jigsaw with a metal cutting blade.

Installing the Iron Baluster

Make sure the fit is solid by sliding the newly cut baluster into the hole on the stair tread first. Then slide it into the hole on the bottom of the handrail. If the hole is the correct depth, the baluster will fill the upper hole and have about two inches of baluster fitting into the lower hole. Once the iron baluster fits well, place the metal shoes on the baluster. The shoes cover any gaps and add a decorative look to the baluster. Use adhesive such as epoxy or polyurethane in both holes. Put a drywall screw (about 1-5/8 inches) into the bottom hole at the side of the iron baluster. Angle it, so that it wedges the baluster into place. If necessary, put another screw on the other side. This helps to wedge the iron baluster securely into its place. Wipe off the excess glue and allow the area to dry.

Tags: iron baluster, Installing Iron, stair tread, about inches, baluster into

Use A Wroughtiron Patio Table Top

A wrought-iron patio table top can be a decorative and useful element for your home and your landscape. There are many ways to use the tabletop for privacy, recreation and art. Place the tabletop on the ground as a base for a bench or a fountain or hang it vertically on fences or walls to showcase the wrought-iron design. The size of the tabletop will help dictate optimum uses, but if you open your imagination, you'll discover multiple ways to use large, medium and small wrought-iron patio table tops. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Prop a wrought-iron patio table top against a section of fence on your property as decoration. Depending on the size of the tabletop, it may also work to increase the privacy in your yard.

2. Attach metal wall brackets to the back side of the tabletop and to corresponding points on a garden wall or fence. Hang the tabletop as outdoor wall art.

3. Excavate a section of ground equal to the dimensions of the wrought-iron patio table top. Cover the cleared ground with landscape fabric topped with gravel. Place the table top on the layer of gravel. Place a decorative fountain in the center of this wrought-iron base.

4. Make a privacy screen with a wrought-iron patio table top to fit along one side of your patio or garden. Attach the sides of the table between two treated wood fence posts using nuts and bolts or metal brackets to make the screen. Anchor the posts at least 18 inches into the ground with cement to create a sturdy frame.

5. Create a decorative art piece with a smaller wrought-iron patio table top by attaching strands of beads, crystals and stained glass between the metal design cutouts on the table. Thread the beads and crystal prisms onto beading wire or fishing line before tying them to the tabletop. Wrap small pieces of stained glass with wire and dangle them between the cutouts. A mesh-style wrought-iron table also works; weave wire through the mesh, adding embellishments to the wire on the face of the tabletop.

6. Make a decorative back for a plain garden bench with a small, rectangular wrought-iron tabletop. Attach the top half of two wooden posts to the back of the tabletop, one on each side. Attach the bottom half of the posts to the bench seat.

7. Make a garden swing by suspending a small patio table top from a sturdy tree branch or swing frame with chain.

Tags: patio table, wrought-iron patio, wrought-iron patio table, gravel Place, ground with, size tabletop, stained glass

Buy Wall Mounted Wine Racks

A wall-mounted wine rack is a chic and modern way to store wine bottles. Storing wine on a wall creates an excellent focal piece for your dining or entertainment area. Wall-mounted wine racks are available in a variety of styles, making choosing one simply a matter of taste. Add this to my Recipe Box.

Instructions

1. Before actually shopping, choose a space for the wine rack to go. Measure the wall to determine how much space you have. This will focus your shopping as you will be able to eliminate certain styles and models of wall-mounted wine racks based on your specifications.

2. Visit a retailer that sells wall-mounted wine racks. They are not commonplace in most retail stores, but some models are available. Your best option may be to shop over the Internet. With many sites, you have the convenience of scrolling through pages of various styles and models.

3. Choose a model that suits your budget, your specifications and your personal style. If you have chosen a space and measured it, you can tailor your wine rack to those specifications. If you have not, you run the risk of purchasing a wine rack that does not fit. This step involves personal taste and considerations of cost and size. The more space you have, the bigger wine rack you can purchase. Bigger wine racks tend to be more expensive.

4. Remit the purchase price. If you are shopping over the Internet, simply follow the site's instructions for inputting your billing and shipping information.

5. Contact a sales representative for assistance. If you are having trouble deciding on a style or you have general questions, a sales representative is generally available to assist you.

Tags: wine rack, wall-mounted wine, wine racks, over Internet, sales representative

Make Cushions For Wicker Furniture

Making wicker cushions at home is comfortable and cost effective.

Wicker is suitable for outdoor furniture because it is durable and withstands natural elements. However, it is hard, requiring the need for padding to make the seating more comfortable. Make cushions for the furniture yourself instead of spending large sums of money on store-bought ones. Select fabrics with attractive textures and patterns that stand out, while complementing the hue of the wicker piece. Give preference to weather-resistant covers that serve as a long-term investment because of their ability to withstand the sun's rays and rain, especially if the furniture is outside. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Cover the back and seat pad of the wicker chair with pieces of muslin to determine the shapes of the cushion. Carefully trace the outline of each cushion on the muslin, using the natural form of the furniture as the muslin drapes over it. The muslin pieces serve as the patterns for the cushions.

2. Lift the muslin from the chair. Draw lines over the trace marks to make them more prominent before cutting each with scissors.

3. Place the 2-inch-thick foam over the muslin form. Center it properly and cut along the edges using a utility knife.

4. Place each muslin cushion form over a decorative fabric folded width-wise in half. Center it so it rests evenly over the fabric. Pin the muslin to the fabric with straight pins so it remains in place. Add 2 inches to the overall shape to make allowances for seam and foam width before cutting it with scissors, so you have two identical pieces for the sides of one cushion. Remove the pins.

5. Turn the fabric pieces for each cushion inside out and sew three sides together. Sew another to give the cover a second stitch for additional security, 1/4-inch outward from the previous one. Snip off loose thread and raw edges, and turn the cover so the right side faces out.

6. Cover your foam for each cushion in cotton batting. Insert it into the cover through the open end, aligning its corners so they correspond snugly to the corners in the cover. Sew the cover by hand with a needle and matching thread.

Tags: each cushion, before cutting, over muslin, with scissors

Iron Fencing Styles

Picket is one style of iron fence.

Fences serve many purposes, including providing privacy, enclosing areas, confining animals and providing protection. They are made from a wide variety of materials like stacked stone, chain link, wood panel, wood post and rail and metal, including wrought and cast iron. Iron fencing offers multiple benefits of beauty, strength, durability, security and visibility. In addition to wrought and cast iron, metal fencing is available that looks like iron but is lighter and less expensive, providing the ornamental aspects at a lower price. Does this Spark an idea?

Picket

Most people think of a picket fence as white wood slats with pointed tips, but picket fences can be made of iron. Iron picket fences resemble upright spears connected by two or three horizontal rails. The pointed tips, or finials, can be plain or decorative and sometimes have rounded tips. Variations of the picket style have horizontal borders along the top, just under the picket tips. Borders consist of two horizontal rails with circles, scrolls or leaf work in between. Wrought iron scroll work atop shortened pickets can be set into concrete at the top of solid brick, stone or cement fences. Iron picket fencing is made from wrought iron, iron that is heated and shaped and formed manually.

Hairpin

Hairpin fence style is named for its resemblance to open hairpins set upright on their tips, with the curved end serving as the top of the fence. The sections are connected by two horizontal rails. The iron rods used to form fence panels from hairpin pieces are rounded, square, rectangular, hexagonal or octagonal in shape. This is a plain style of wrought iron fencing and was a popular cemetery fence style along with picket.

Combinations

Hairpin and picket is a combination wrought iron fence style incorporating alternating hairpin and pickets connected by two horizontal rails to complete the fence panels.

Bow and picket is another variation combining two styles. The pickets are contained under an arched piece, the bow, connected by horizontal rails, to form a decorative effect.

The bow and hairpin style encloses a hairpin piece inside a bow for a double arch effect.

Cast Iron

Cast iron is melted iron ore poured into molds and forms. Cast iron fence panels and porch railings can be made in an almost infinite variety of decorative designs. Intricate, lace-like lattice-work, flowers, leaves and fruit, swirls, circles and even animals and other figures can be worked into fresco-styled designs. Cast iron designs for fences include Italian and French influences and are used for decorative aspects like finials, crests, medallions, scepters and front pieces for locks and latches.

Tags: horizontal rails, Cast iron, connected horizontal, connected horizontal rails, fence panels, fence style

Mount A Trellis To Stucco Without Drilling

Accent your stucco wall with a metal trellis.

A trellis serves a decorative and functional purpose in your landscape. It allows you to grow climbing plants on it and adds a decorative structure to the space. Do not let stucco walls on the exterior of your home discourage you from mounting a trellis against the side of the house. A wrought iron or copper trellis would create a stunning accent for the stucco exterior. Instead of drilling into the stucco and installing masonry anchors, you can simply use masonry nails. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Position the trellis against the side of the house where you would like to install it. Push the base of the trellis into the ground with your hands to the depth of the bottom stakes on the trellis.

2. Hold a level vertically against the center post of the trellis. Adjust the trellis so that it is level. Have a helper hold the trellis level until you fasten it to the wall.

3. Slide a masonry nail through each mounting hole in the trellis. Hammer the nails into the stucco surface with a hand-drilling hammer to fasten the trellis to the stucco wall.

Tags: against side, against side house, into stucco, side house, stucco wall, trellis against

Create Christmas Decor With A Theme

One of the most dramatic ways to decorate your home for Christmas is to choose a color theme. A favorite combination is red and white with silver or gold accents. To do this, choose predominantly red and white items for your decor, but add as many accent pieces as you desire. Think of all the ornaments, accessories and decorations you already have in red and white that would be appropriate for your Christmas tree, stairway, fireplace mantle, dining room table, and the front door. A common color thread running through all your decor will unify your festive look. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Gather red and white items together and take inventory. Look through your Christmas ornaments, garlands, accessories, candlesticks, and collectibles such as angels, Santas, and snowmen. Even red picture frames can add to your holiday theme with family Christmas pictures. Snowflake ornaments and white balls will act as counterpoint to your red items. Fill in with purchases as needed.

2. Choose a snowy white Christmas tree. Decorate it with red, shiny ornaments and satiny bows. Fill in with white and gold or silver snowflake ornaments, angels and stars. Use additional garlands in gold or silver, and strings of red beads. String artificial red berries to make your own garland.

3. To adorn the stairway, use a fresh pine or artificial garland. Drape it in generous loops on the banister. Make only two or three curves on your stairway. More frequent scallops may give you a cluttered and heavy look. Catch each loop up with a giant red or white bow. Leave long ribbons trailing. Add "picks" such as you find at craft stores with clusters of small ornaments in red and white.

4. Decorate the mantle using a red and white mantle scarf, hung with candy canes, icicles or snowflakes. If you prefer a simpler treatment, just group three candlesticks using red, white or candy cane candles to carry out your theme. Frame favorite holiday pictures in red easel frames. Display them on the mantle.

5. Choose a tablecloth. If you're using a white cloth, gather as many red serving pieces, place settings of china and goblets as possible. A grouping of sparkling red trees is the correct size for a centerpiece. Use white or silver candlesticks with red candle tapers. Old wrought iron or wooden candlesticks can be sprayed ceramic red or white.

6. Display your nativity scene or other tableau on an occasional table. Place a small table in the foyer or under the stairway garland. This will make a showcase. Use a table runner made to carry out your red and white theme. Create a long panel of white felt. Narrow each end in a V shape with contrasting fringe or tassels sewn on.

7. Adorn the front door, porch and steps. For the door, buy a basic grapevine wreath or a fresh pine one. Spray on artificial snow, add white and silver leaves, silk poinsettias, or snowflake ornaments. Add a big red bow. Floral picks come in handy in wreath making.

Tags: using white, carry your, Christmas tree, Fill with, fresh pine

Victorian Home Exterior Ideas

What sets off the Victorian home from other styles of homes is the details.

The Victorian period, named after Queen Victoria, conjures up an image of stuffiness and all things proper, yet in fact the opposite is true for colors. Vibrant colors were used to paint homes during this period as exotic flowering plants were displayed on wrought iron stands to showcase them as a prized possession. Detailed moldings and ornamental balusters sets the Victorian period apart. Does this Spark an idea?

A Romantic Pathway to Your Door

A meandering pathway to your front door made of brick or cobblestone will help authenticate your exterior. The pathway should be surrounded by colorful displays of flowers, either planted or hanging on a wrought iron shepherd's hook. Legend has it that exotic plants were brought back from around the world and put on display. BBC Home (see References) lists the various types of exotic plants that were used.

Victorian Era Porches

An ornamental railing encircling your front porch will blend in with the Victorian exterior. Rocking chairs, wrought iron furniture and colorful plants hanging in baskets and in windowboxes help the authenticity. Using ornamental trim, porch columns and brackets that match already existing exterior trim helps it blend in. Front Porch Ideas (see References) has photos of Victorian-style front porches that may inspire you.

Exterior Paint Color Schemes

The Victorian homes are notorious for using bright and frivolous color schemes when painting the exterior. Using a combination of up to three different colors is a common distinction of the Victorian era. Purple was Queen Victoria's favorite color, and it is often used in combination with pinks and blues. Painting the trim, balusters, columns and the fish scale shingles in a variety of hues helps set the Victorian home apart from all other eras. Several paint stores specialize in historical paints that you may want to use.

The Widow's Walk

A widow's walk, or peak, as it is sometimes called, was originally conceptualized so that women could look out to sea waiting for their husbands to come back to them. Victorian homes along coastlines are more prone to have them for obvious reasons. However, wherever your Victorian home is located, the widow's walk would be an authentic addition that allows you a full view of your surrounding area.

Tags: Victorian home, wrought iron, exotic plants, from other, plants were, Queen Victoria, sets Victorian

Install Vinyl Mobile Home Skirting

Mobile homes need skirting to protect the underside of the home.

Your mobile home is set on a foundation, which means the underside is open and must be covered. This is what skirting does best. It is installed around the open portion of the home, preventing wind from moving debris into this area. It is a do-it-yourself project that nearly anyone who knows swing a hammer will be able to tackle. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Measure the distance from your installation point to the ground, and then measure the skirting to ensure it is long enough to reach to the ground. Adjust your installation point accordingly if the skirting will not fit. Usually, the skirting is installed on the bottom of the home on the support beam.

2. Install the mounting rail for the skirting at the height you have determined. This is the piece that connects the skirting to the home. Use a 2-inch galvanized nail and hammer or 2-inch galvanized screws and driver to connect the railing to the home.

3. Place one end of a chalk line along the top of the mounting rail and the other at the other end of the home. Snap the chalk line to create a guide for installing the entire strip of skirting.

4. Install the remaining sections of mounting rails on the home, using your chalk line as a guide. Use a carpenter level on each piece to ensure the mounting rails are plumb.

5. Snap the skirting sheets into the mounting rail guide. Most skirting pieces slide under a lip and lock in place. However, follow your manufacturer's installation instructions as some manufacturers use different types of mounting rails. Repeat this step until the entire length of skirting is installed.

Tags: chalk line, mounting rail, mounting rails, 2-inch galvanized, installation point, skirting installed

Compatible Fences For Pets

Choose fencing appropriate for your yard, budget and pet.

Pet-compatible fencing has much to do with the type and age of the pets you'd like to safely contain. A fence applicable for an older dog may not be secure for a puppy or larger athletic dog. If you are looking to contain a more unusual pet like a pot bellied pig or rabbits, your options differ vastly from standard yard fencing. Choose fencing based on your pet's habits and creating a safe outdoor space. Does this Spark an idea?

Chain Link Fencing

Chain link fencing in various heights has long been a favorite of pet owners due to the relatively reasonable price and the fact that it does not block any views. Epoxy coated chain link manufactured in black, dark green or brown seamlessly disappears into your landscape. Your pet can't chew through it, however they can dig under or climb over.

Make a chain link pet-safe by adding a footer under the fence line. Footers can be concrete block, brick or poured cement that forms a barrier between the bottom of the fence and the soil beneath. Install footers under all areas of the fence to include any gates.

If you have a dog that tends to climb and chain link is your only option, run an invisible electronic fence 2 to 3 feet inside the fence line, and train your dog to stay away from the fence. The dog will need to wear a compatible battery-operated collar that sends a noise or vibration warning should the dog get too close to the electronic fence line. Electronic containment systems are compatible with dogs only, so they won't work for other types of pets.

Privacy Fencing

Wooden, cement block or vinyl privacy fencing are other options for pet containment. Most offer solid surfaces that prevent climbing, and with a footer in place, most pets can't dig underneath privacy fences. These fences are typically 5 to 8 feet tall offering total privacy for you and your pets. When you build a privacy fence, do so to make the entire fence flush with the ground. You may need to cut some boards longer to keep the top of the fence at an even height. Install privacy fencing securely using 4-by-4 posts set in cement. If you opt for wooden privacy fences, guard against chewing by small companion animals such as rabbits by running a 1 foot section of heavy gauge wire coated fencing along the inside bottom of the fence.

Wrought Iron Fencing

In some communities, such as golf course or waterfront communities, home owner association rules and regulations limit pet fencing. These communities prefer a barrier-free landscape. Some will allow 3- to 4-foot-tall wrought iron fencing. This fencing is safe for mid to large older and well-trained pets that won't jump over, but wrought iron is not applicable to small pets that can easily walk through the standard sized spaces. However, smaller pets can wear commercially available neck bumpers that make the pet's neck too wide to fit through the fence. Install footers underneath to make these fences safe options for diggers.

Tags: fence line, bottom fence, Choose fencing, electronic fence, Install footers, pets that

Spanish Hacienda Style Interior Design

Spanish hacienda

Spanish haciendas are designed around large open areas and uncluttered spaces. Colors found in nature--red, off white, and olive green--are use quite a bit in decorating these homes. Even if you don't live in a hacienda, you can create a hacienda style interior by carefully selecting finishes, furniture and accessories. Does this Spark an idea?

Wood Treatment

Woodwork found haciendas is often in dark wood tones such as walnut, mahogany or redwood. To create this look, strip the paint off the wood surfaces in the house. Stain the stair railing, wooden floors and door framesin a natural dark wood color.

You can create a faux wood beam ceiling to enhance the hacienda style decorating. Measure the length of the ceiling in the living room. Buy and hang wooden boards evenly spaced on the ceiling Stain the boards in the same wood tone as the other woodwork in the house

Wall Treatment and Decoration

Walls in a hacienda are textured and painted one light shade throughout the house. A stone off-white is a good choice for this style of decorating. Scatter black wrought iron pieces around the house to emphasize certain features. If you have an extra wide doorway, consider placing a floor-to-ceiling piece of wrought iron on either side of the doorway. Group candle sconces together and place tall candles in them. Place one or two large, heavy framed mirrors around the house. Look for mirrors with Spanish decorations on them. Artwork should be large and reflect traditional themes.

Furniture Treatment

Heavy furniture looks the best in this setting. Tables should be of heavy wood construction stained in the same tones as the rest of the woodwork. Group leather couches and chairs around low tables.

Accessories

Use oversized terracotta jars and plant pots. Group a variety of tropical plants together in the plant pots. Place large aloe and succulent plants in sunny corners. Hang frosted glass chandeliers from the ceiling on dark chains to create soft lighting. Use large stone statues as focal points in the public rooms. The statue themes are usually classical designs of humans and horses. Set large area rugs under furniture groupings

Tags: around house, dark wood, Place large, plant pots, style decorating, wrought iron

Build An Iron Trellis

Most "iron" trellises are actually made of steel or aluminum. The ironwork effect is created by hammering the metal or by the use of small scrolls at the ends of the metal. Before building an iron trellis, you will first need to assess the kind of vegetation that you intend to hang on the trellis. Also consider where you intend to put the trellis. This will give you some idea of what dimensions are needed for it. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. You will need a simple crisscross design to make your trellis. You can find ideas in many landscape or garden books. You will need to adjust your own measurements to this design to fit the area that will hold the trellis. Figure out how much steel round you will need to make the trellis, with the dimensions you have estimated. Your best price will be from a steel distributor, which will sell these rounds in 20-foot lengths. To carry your steel home in a car or truck, you need have to cut them down to a shorter length. The distributor will cut them for you for an additional charge.

2. Set out your 3/16-inch steel rounds on a smooth floor. Carefully measure the horizontal lengths needed for the trellis. Follow the old adage, "measure twice, cut once.'' Cut to length. Leave the top length 3 to 4 inches longer so that you can work the extra bit into a small scroll.

3. Measure the vertical lengths you need for the trellis. Make the two end lengths 6 inches longer so that you can set them into the ground to create a stable base to hold the trellis and the vegetation.

Set the vertical lengths an equal distance apart. Weld the horizontal lengths to the vertical at intervals, making sure they are an equal distance apart and square. Make sure the two longer end verticals are 6 inches longer to go into the ground. You should have a solid checkerboard pattern at the end.

4. With the torch, heat the little extra bit on two longer top end pieces. Hammer these bits of hot metal around the surface of the pipe, about three-fourths of the way around. Then, remove them from the pipe, and hammer the tips a bit further in, to make more of a spiral than a circle.

5. Paint the trellis whatever color you like. You may wish to match or contrast the color of your home. Plain black paint will give it more of an Old World wrought-iron look.

Tags: inches longer, will need, distance apart, equal distance, equal distance apart

What Is Tuscan Style Decorating

Tuscan decorating is inspired by the Italian countryside. Utilizing warm earth tones and rich colors, Tuscan decorating has a rustic, hospitable appeal. A home that is decorated in a Tuscan flavor will evoke simple lifestyles that center on family, food and natural elements. Does this Spark an idea?

Features

Tuscan decorating is characterized by the use of stone, marble, terra cotta, stucco, exposed beams, ceramic tiles, wood floors and other natural materials.

Identification

Accessories in a room that has been decorated in the Tuscan style will often include bright flowers, wrought iron details, colorful glass jars, and bright dishes on display.

Geography

Tuscany is located in the north central region of Italy, and contains the cities of Florence and Sicna. The area is known for its rolling countryside and beautiful vineyards.

Benefits

The natural materials that are used in Tuscan decorating, such as leather, stone and wood can be very durable. Tuscan design is a good choice for active families since it can stand up to the rigors of everyday life.

Furniture

Large wood dining tables and furnishings that are geared toward entertaining guests are popular features of this decorating style. Expansive armoires and hand crafted buffets also lend a distinct Tuscan flavor; the dining room may feature chairs that are not identical and offer a variety of designs.

Colors

Popular colors in Tuscan design include golden yellow, dark peach, ochre, poppy red, deep turquoise, burnt orange and muted green.

Tags: Tuscan decorating, colors Tuscan, decorated Tuscan, natural materials, Tuscan design, Tuscan flavor

Kitchen Design Styles

You've heard it before: The kitchen is the heart of the home. That truism makes your kitchen's design an important decision. To get the most bang for your buck, pick a kitchen style that appeals to you, that will add value to your home and not turn off buyers at resale and that makes the kitchen a comfortable, inviting space for your family and guests. Does this Spark an idea?

Tuscan

Tuscan design uses rich colors and textures inspired by Italy's countryside. Greens, golds, browns, reds and purples are all at home in a Tuscan-style kitchen. Stone and wrought iron are also characteristic of Tuscan design. Terra-cotta tile floors add a Mediterranean charm and warmth to the room; alternatively, choose stone or stone-look tiles. For countertops, consider stone or a warm, earthy granite. Cabinets should be wood, and substantial rather than spare. Open shelving is common in this style and gives you a chance to show off brightly colored dishes. Wrought iron can make a big impact in a hanging pot rack or a baker's rack, or it can be in the small touches, such as trivets or a paper towel holder. Choose a luxurious Tuscan color for the walls and use stone tile for the backsplash, perhaps with accent tiles featuring fruit or flowers.

Modern

Kitchens with a modern feel often have dark wood cabinets; they should be streamlined, with little to no adornment. This is not the place for fancy moldings. For countertops, choose a natural material such as granite or marble, or take a less familiar route and go with concrete. White or light-colored countertops will contrast nicely with the cabinets and keep the kitchen from being too dark. Glass tiles, especially subway or mosaic tiles, are a trendy choice for backsplashes. Modern paint colors tend to be muted and neutral. When choosing lighting and accessories for your kitchen, incorporate geometric shapes and brushed metal finishes. Stainless steel appliances are practically a must in a modern-style kitchen.

Country

Country kitchens are warm and rustic, with lots of wood. Oak is the classic choice for cabinets, but whether oak or not, they should be light- to medium-toned. Solid-surface countertops in a favorite color fit in nicely with country style, or keep the counters neutral to provide a backdrop for old-fashioned accessories. Haunt antiques stores for kitchen tools from days gone by, or perhaps a rough-hewn table. A large farm sink is right at home in this kitchen. Favorite country colors include dusty blue, barn red, dark green, dark yellow and navy. Tie everything together with a country theme, such as the barnyard, folk art or Americana.

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Decorate Your Master Bedroom In Minimalist Style

Minimalism is a great decorative option for a master bedroom because it lends itself to soothing serenity. Here are some objectives. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Choose a simple bed - a pencil-post, plain wrought-iron or steel style. Dress the bed simply, omitting piles of pillows, frilly dust ruffles and flounced shams.

2. Select plain chests of drawers and dressers, too. Simple styling - without fancy carving and ornate drawer pulls - works best for this style.

3. Top the bedside tables with basic lamps and shades. A flat paper shade on a solid-color ginger-jar lamp works in a traditional room; in a more modern environment, go with cubes or cylinders of solid-color wood or ceramic or with a metal lamp.

4. Keep window coverings low-key. Plantation shutters or 2-inch-wide wood blinds work well, as do tab-top curtains on a wrought-iron rod.

5. Put a low-key area rug, perhaps a bound piece of pile carpet or a subtly patterned dhurrie, over a hard-surface floor. Wall-to-wall carpet is fine, but avoid layering area rugs over it.

6. Pare down tabletop clutter. Try to limit it to a pretty plate as a drop-off for keys and pocket change, an alarm clock and a tissue box.

7. Keep pictures to a minimum or you'll end up with clutter on walls and tabletops. It's better to use just a few large pictures in the room.

8. Set a single basic side chair in a handy place for putting on and taking off shoes.

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Welding Projects For A Plant Stand

Found metal objects can be used to create a welded metal plant stand.

Creating a plant stand as a welding project requires a design, materials and ingenuity. The plant stand design can be created either before or after the metal has been found or purchased. Found metal welded plant stands are unique, one-of-a-kind objects. Welding plant stand projects can use round or square stock metal, angle iron, sheet metal and found metal objects, such as pipe, gears and other metal items.

Stock Metal

Stock metal plant stands consist of either round stock metal, square stock metal or angle iron. The pieces are cut to the desired length and shape and welded together. The round stock can be annealed by using heat and shaped around a pipe or anvil iron. Stock metal can be used in combination with sheet metal or found objects to create a unique welded plant stand.

Sheet Metal

Sheet metal can be cut into various shapes. The shapes can be bent and curled manually if the sheet metal is thin enough. Thicker sheet metal will need to be annealed prior to bending. Sheet metal can be used in combination with stock metal or found objects to form a unique plant stand.

Found Objects

Found metal objects consist of pipe, gears, springs, tools and other items made from metal. The objects are assembled in such a way as to create a welded plant stand. The shape of the found metal objects will determine where they will be placed on the plant stand. Found metal objects can be used in combination with sheet metal or stock metal to weld a one-of-a-kind plant stand.

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Measure & Cut Cast Iron Pipe

Cut cast iron pipe with a cold chisel and ball peen hammer.

Depending on local building codes, cast iron pipes can still be used for household sewer lines in many areas, and because of its thick walls, it has the advantage of shielding the sound of running water/waste through the pipes. Though cast iron is heavy and durable, it has a brittle quality that makes it easy to break. This process is best carried out with a cold chisel and ball peen hammer or by using a snap cutter. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Run a tape measure from one end of a section of cast iron pipe and mark the pipe surface at the point where it needs to be cut. Due to the iron's dark color, use a carpenter's pencil to create the mark as the pencil lead will be shiny and easy to see (white chalk can also be used). Run the pencil mark in a straight line all the way around the pipe.

2. Put on eye goggles. Rest the blade of the cold chisel on the marked line. Tap the chisel lightly with the ball peen hammer. Move the chisel 1/2-inch along the marked line, again tapping it with the hammer. Repeat this process until the mark on the pipe has been tapped all the way around the pipe. Continue the entire procedure a second and third time, until the cast iron pipe breaks along the line. This cutting process will probably leave a jagged cut, which can be avoided by using a snap cutter.

3. Open the snap cutter's handles, and wrap its chain around the pipe at the mark. The cutter's chain is attached to one of its handles. Pull the chain so that it is tight around the pipe, and slip the closest chain link onto the hook on the end of one of the cutter's handles. Hold one handle firmly in each hand, and push the handles together for the chain to cut cleanly through the cast iron pipe.

Tags: around pipe, cast iron pipe, ball peen, ball peen hammer, cast iron

Measure Wrought Iron Gates

Gates come in many shapes and sizes.

Wrought iron gates come in varying sizes, shapes and designs. You may need to measure wrought iron gates to give an accurate description if moving or selling the gates. Also, if you plan to install the gates on your own entranceway to your property you'll need to measure properly to ensure the gates will fit. Or if you plan install a gated entrance, the measurements can be useful in building the actual support columns or poles that will hold the gates in place. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Position the tip of the measuring tape on one end of the gate.

2. Pull the measuring tape out slowly until the other end of the measuring tape hits the other end of the gate. This is the width of the gate.

3. Position the tip of the tape at the highest point of the gate and pull the measuring tape until it reaches the bottom of the gate. This is the height of the gate.

4. Use the measuring tape to measure the width of each hinge. Add this width to the width of the gate itself to determine the total length of the gate when it is installed.

5. Repeat steps 1 through 4 for the other gate if you are using a two-door gate. Add the width of the first gate to the width of the second gate to get the total length the gate needs to fit in place and to open and close properly.

6. Use the measuring tape to measure the distance between the inside edge of one gate pole or column to the inside edge of the other gate pole or column. The gate width should not exceed this measurement.

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Replace A Wrought Iron Porch Railing With Wood

Wrought iron porch railings can be a suitable complement to a home's exterior. However, if you desire to up your curb appeal and present a more inviting porch for your home, you may want to replace it with wood. Wood adds warmth and style to any porch. A wooden railing mounted to posts with metal brackets will provide a nod to the traditional wrought iron railing while giving your home the warmth and beauty of wood. These dimensions are for a 48-inch porch railing, but you can modify them to fit the size of your own porch railing. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Adjust the wrench to fit the lag bolts that secure the railing to the porch steps. Unscrew each lag bolt using the wrench. Lift the wrought iron railing from the porch.

2. Position one deck post mount on each stair tread. Center the mounts in the width of each tread. The outside edge of the mounts should be flush with the end of the stair treads. Drive the screws included with the mounts through the mounting holes into the stair treads using a screw gun.

3. Slide one end of each post into the deck post mounts. Drive the screws included with the mounts through the mounting holes into the posts.

4. Place one bracket 3 inches down from the top end of each post. Drive the screws included with the brackets through the mounting holes into the posts with a screw gun.

5. Center the handrail over the top of the brackets. Drive the screws included with the brackets through the mounting holes in the brackets into the bottom of the handrail with a screw gun.

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Clean Candlesticks

Candlesticks can become covered in wax over time.

Candlesticks are often the centerpieces for elegant gatherings in the dinning room. Over time, however, wax can build up on the outside of the candlesticks, making them appear less attractive. A couple of different methods may be needed to clean the wax off of candlesticks because candlesticks can be made from many different materials. With the help of some temperature-controlled environments and warm water, cleaning candlesticks can be a simple procedure. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Glass Candlesticks

1. Place the candlesticks in a refrigerator for 20 minutes.

2. Remove the candlesticks from the refrigerator and chip off the wax with your fingers. The wax will become brittle when cooled.

3. Wash the candlesticks in hot water and use a sponge and dish soap on any wax stains or bits that might be left over.

Metal and Wrought Iron Candlesticks

4. Place the candlesticks in a refrigerator for one to two hours. You can place the candlesticks in the freezer for two to three minutes if you need them cleaned fast.

5. Chip off the wax from the candlesticks with your fingers. The wax will become brittle when cooled.

6. Massage the remaining wax with an ice cube sealed in a bag. The direct contact of the ice cube will further cool the wax and make it easier to chip. Do not use water with metal and wrought iron candlesticks. Contact with water will cause the candlesticks to rust.

Sterling Silver, Gold, Copper and Brass Candlesticks

7. Hold the candlesticks under hot water for one to two minutes. This will soften the wax and won't cause rust to form on the candlesticks.

8. Remove the candlesticks from the hot water and use a paper towel to wipe off the wax. Repeat Steps 1 and 2 if necessary.

9. Polish the candlesticks.

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