Rustic Foyer Ideas

Old coat hooks work well in a rustic foyer.

Rustic decorating uses natural materials, handmade, old or antique furniture, and details that evoke an earlier style of life. The foyer serves as the introduction to your home, the zone between the outside and the living area. Giving this area practical features for hanging outer wear and storing items such as boots or mail keeps the foyer looking neat and inviting. Selecting furniture and accessories that feature a rustic style or altering your existing furniture and accessories gives your foyer timeless rustic charm. Does this Spark an idea?

Handmade and leather furniture

A handcrafted bench or armchair serves the practical purpose of providing a place to sit for removing shoes or winter boots, while taking up minimal space. A chair or stool with a small footprint positioned in one corner or a narrow bench along one wall appears hospitable without crowding the foyer. Distressed leather, exposed nail heads, benches or stools crafted from branches or raw wood all serve the rustic theme. An old wooden chest or rectangular table with a natural wood or natural finish increases storage space in a rustic foyer.

Wrought Iron Details

Wall-mounted, wrought-iron coat hooks, coat rack, chandelier, candelabra and hardware fit well with a rustic theme. Replacing the door hardware with an old-fashioned wrought iron handle, substituting wrought iron handles for drawer pulls on a hall table or chest of drawers and replacing regular chest or door hinges with decorative wrought iron ones changes the look of the existing door and furniture at minimal cost. This strategy also works well for unifying distressed furniture with the rustic theme. Removing ordinary or new-looking handles and door pulls and adding wrought iron helps to create the rustic look.

Rustic Accessories

A barrel or powder keg works well as an umbrella and cane holder. A coat tree offers hooks for coats and hats, and some models include a seat and storage space. The antique ones usually feature bold, attractive hardware, such as large wrought iron hooks. Antique bottles, jars and crocks provide options for adding subtle touches of color to a rustic entryway. Handmade baskets, such as those woven from twigs or grapevines can serve to cover ordinary flower pots for a display of houseplants in the foyer. Natural-fiber rugs, such as jute, work well for reducing soil tracked into your home and work with this theme.

Finishing Touches

Although rustic themes often include animal skins and antlers, unexpected yet old-fashioned decorative objects can personalize your rustic foyer. Old pottery in natural colors such as rust, gold, ivory, gray, brown, black and green make useful organizers for mail, spare keys or other small items. Placing them on a window sill or high shelf keep the contents private, and they can serve double-duty as holders for pussy willows, cat tails or sprays of maple leaves. Decorative objects, such as hand-carved animals, an old model cars, a replica of an old ship or early model airplane add personality to a rustic foyer.

Tags: wrought iron, rustic foyer, rustic theme, coat hooks, foyer Rustic

Update A Kitchen Island

Update your kitchen island with a new counter.

A kitchen island is a work area, a snack bar and a gathering spot for friends and family. It might boast amenities like a prep sink, dishwasher and cook top or be as simple as a stand-alone counter with space for a few bar stools. Kitchen islands come in all sizes, shapes and decor styles. If your personal taste has changed or your kitchen simply needs a face lift, updating your kitchen island can be accomplished by customizing the design to freshen up the finish. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Paint the island a different color. Choose a color that blends in with the other hues in the room or make the island pop with a contrasting shade. Opt for one color for the doors and another for the rest of the piece. Paint the island glossy black for a contemporary look, choose white or blue for a beach theme or Colonial colors like mustard yellow and terracotta red for a country kitchen.

2. Install paneling over the island's sides. Opt for bead board in a cottage- or garden-style kitchen. Go for wainscoting with raised panels in a more traditional room. Give the island a rustic flair with barn board or wide knotty-pine planks.

3. Replace the counter top. Remove an old laminate counter in favor of a solid surface like granite or marble. Dress up a Tuscan or Southwestern design with rustic tiles painted in bright colors and primitive scenes. Go modern with a cement counter.

4. Switch out the hardware. Replace dated and worn hinges and drawer pulls for an instant, budget-friendly update.

5. Exchange old bar stools and chairs for new ones to match your d cor or, for a cheaper option, paint or refinish them and opt for new upholstery.

6. Select new lighting. Replace dated lighting with pendant lights or a chandelier. Place a table lamp on the island for extra illumination. Add modern flair with contemporary track lighting. Exchange the appliances.

7. Replace dated stove tops with sleeker, more modern versions. Swap out a stainless steel sink for a farmhouse style and opt for dish washer drawers rather than a traditional unit. Choose stainless steel or brushed nickel finishes or hide appliances behind custom cabinetry.

8. Add accessories. Choose brightly colored fabrics and pottery dishes for the island snack bar in a Mediterranean-inspired kitchen. Fill a vintage basket or wooden bowl with Granny Smith apples to add pop to a country kitchen island. Hang a wrought-iron pot rack displaying copper cooking pots over the island in a French Country kitchen. Plant herbs in clay pots and keep them on the island for easy access. Keep a cutting board and knives close at hand.

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Uses Of A Cast Iron Woodstove

An abandoned wood stove awaits restoration.

Cast iron wood stoves are designed for many purposes. They last longer than other wood burning stoves and retain and distribute heat better. The cast iron itself has a rustic, sophisticated charm. While most popular at the turn of the 20th century, cast iron stoves are still used to heat, decorate and cook in the home. Does this Spark an idea?

Warmth

Watch the fire burn in the stove on winter nights.

Using a cast iron stove to heat your home can be cheaper than using oil or electricity if wood is plentiful in your area. The door to the stove can be left open to watch the fire burn as it emits heat into your home. Two-story homes will find that all of the heat rises to the top floor. Adding a blanket across the stairwell opening will minimize the heat rising to the top floor. One stove is generally sufficient for one house.

Decoration

A cast iron wood stove can add rustic charm to a living room, outdoor patio or kitchen. Some old and new cast iron wood stoves have very interesting embellishments, such as clawed feet, that reflect an earlier time. Color cast iron stoves with acrylic urethane enamel to blend with your decor.

Cooking

Cast iron wood stoves are made for cooking purposes as well. The design of the stove allows wood to be burned beneath the range, water or steam to emit from a side container to keep the house from drying out, and an oven up above the range, where a microwave might normally be today. Ashes are easily emptied out of an ash drawer for clean up.

Tags: cast iron, iron wood, iron wood stoves, wood stoves, cast iron stoves, fire burn

Easy Installation For A Wrought Iron Fence

Wrought iron fences are decorative as well as practical.

Wrought iron fences lend an air of permanence and stability to a landscape. Wrought iron is worked into a range of shapes and styles suited for a variety of garden and yard designs. Since wrought iron is durable and often ornate, planning is necessary to ensure an easy installation. Does this Spark an idea?

Wrought Iron

Wrought iron is a highly durable metal forged from iron and slag and worked with percussive instruments. The slag allows the metal to bend. This malleable metal is shaped into decorative forms. Most wrought iron is capable of lasting hundreds of years without significant corrosion. Contemporary wrought iron fences and gates are not always constructed from iron. Faux wrought iron, made of aluminum or steel, is not as resistant to corrosion, but is economical, lighter and somewhat easier to install.

Preparation

Before installing wrought iron fence posts, rails and gates, assess the fence line. Drive stakes into the areas where posts will be positioned. Use rope or twine to demarcate the fence line. Check to ensure the ground is level and the line is straight. Inventory your wrought iron fence components, ensuring that the correct number of posts and gates are present. Aside from the fence components, you will also require a fence post digger or shovel. Posts are positioned and held in place with concrete. Acquire a wheelbarrow, cement mix and sand. The types of tools vary depending on the style of wrought iron used or the type of kit purchased. Certain tools, like screwdrivers, a level, a hammer and hacksaw, are most often needed. Once all tools, equipment and components are in place and accounted for, the installation should be easier than if preparations were not made.

Installation

Install fence posts first. Dig post holes to a depth of 2 feet. Fill the bottom portion of the hole with loose gravel, then set the post in the hole. Fill with concrete and allow the fence post to set. Continue this process with the remaining posts. Check periodically to ensure that the posts are straight. If posts are not straight, realign the posts using a rubber mallet. This method is effective only if the cement has not yet fully dried. Once corner, end and gate posts have been put in place, continue placing line posts. Install rails and fence sections after every few line posts. This allows for corrections if the fence line is not plumb or level. Wait a few days before installing gates and avoid heavy use of installed gates for several weeks. This allows gate posts to fully settle before heavy use.

Considerations

Not all fenced areas are rectangular or square. Create appropriate section lengths by cutting wrought iron sections down to size with a hacksaw. Wrought iron is a durable metal, but it is easily bent, shaped or cut. Use swivel brackets for areas requiring a rounded curve. Swivel brackets attach straight fence sections to line posts at angles other than 90 degrees.

Tags: fence line, iron fences, line posts, wrought iron, durable metal, fence components, fence post

Western Cabin Decor

Horseshoes, cattle skulls and wrought iron accessories suit western cabin decor.

Western cabin decor involves western-theme decorating, such as combining symbols of the old West with rustic home furnishings. The western theme and cabin decor share elements with country decorating and rustic decor, using natural and hand-crafted elements. Integrating the comforts of contemporary life with the cozy feel of a western cabin requires a balance between functional elements such as furniture and rugs and expressing your own tastes and interests. Rustic hand-made decorations connect with a simpler past, the Sheffield School advises. Does this Spark an idea?

Cabin Accessories

Hand-crafted antique or reproduction sculptures of animals, galvanized pails, wrought iron hardware and classic symbols of the old West such as horseshoes, saddles, branding irons and hand-woven blankets creates the atmosphere of a western cabin. For a home with a fireplace, using wrought iron andirons decorated with horseshoes or horses and wrought iron fireplace tools gives an authentic look. Braided rugs, mounted bull horns displayed on the wall, a rifle rack and displays of old toys, such as horses and cowboys or early trains, suit this theme. Saddle blankets work well as rugs, according to Apartment Therapy.

Western Cabin Furniture

Furnishing with western decor offers many choices because of the wide range of rustic and western-themed furniture. Rustic decorating evolved from the style of hunting lodges and fits well with western cabin decor. Old chests can be used as coffee tables, and original or reproduction farmhouse-style plank tables suit the kitchen or dining room. Ladder-back chairs, a stool or ottoman with a saddle on it, end tables made from barrels, hand-crafted benches with the bark left on and old-fashioned leather armchairs, couches, footstools and leather-topped desks work well for western cabin decor. An antique or reproduction iron bed, four-poster bed or a bed with large bed posts covered in hand-woven blankets or handmade quilts transform the bedroom.

Authentic Details

Everyday functional details add up to a western cabin decorating scheme that feels complete. By changing the existing door and cabinet hardware to wrought iron handles or ceramic door knobs and drawer pulls, you create an instant connection with the old West. Old bottles displayed on cabinets or along window ledges, a coiled bullwhip hanging on the wall, flour-sack dish towels, a wooden bread box, ironstone crocks, old-fashioned scoops for flour and sugar -- you can combine any of these decorative elements and everyday items to create the western look.

Western Wall Art

Cowboy-themed art and photographs play up the western theme.

Wall art featuring cowboys, women of the old West, bulls, horses, prairie sunsets and chickens work with western cabin decor. Picking one theme, such as cowboys, and framing the art in matching rustic frames made from unfinished wood gives the home a unified feeling. Alternatively, showcasing a different western subject in each room personalizes the different parts of your home. Hang cowgirl art in a girl's room, cowboys in a boy's room, prairies in the living room and chickens in the kitchen, or choose different artists or photographers to feature in each part of the house.

Tags: cabin decor, wrought iron, western cabin, with western, antique reproduction

Styles And Designs Of Outdoor Fences

Wooden fences offer many style options.

When looking for outdoor fence ideas, consider your personal style and specific needs. A few things to consider are what type of plants and landscaping you want to have, the level of privacy desired, and your personal taste in decor. Whether you're striving to create a new look to your property, are in need of increased privacy or concerned about security, there are several decorative styles and designs of outdoor fences that can accommodate your needs. Does this Spark an idea?

Lattice Fencing

Lattice fencing allows for limited privacy.

Wooden lattice fencing is a popular choice because of its versatility. You can build a variety of decorative fences with this material and increase or reduce your level of backyard privacy, since the narrow wood strips leave small open spaces throughout the panels. Add a narrow row of lattice panels across a short wooden fence for a decorative touch without completely closing off your yard, or use larger lattice panels to create a boundary at your property line without sacrificing an open view beyond your fence. Lattice fencing is ideal for climbing plants such as ivy or grape vines.

Wrought-Iron Fencing

Wrought-iron fences often incorporate intricate designs.

If you'd like to add a classic look to your home or property, consider a wrought-iron fence design. Wrought-iron fences are typically black but can also be found in gold, bronze or silver tones. For what this fencing lacks in privacy, it makes up for in security, as it's not easily broken through. Wrought-iron fencing is available in a variety of styles that include straight and squared-off top edges, arches or spear-like tips at the top of each rung to create a castle-like look. Many iron fences have intricate shapes, floral designs or monograms incorporated into the body of the fencing for added decor.

Brick Pillars

Brick pillars can be used instead of wooden posts.

If you like the look of natural bricks but don't want to build a solid wall around your property, create a brick and wood or brick and iron fence to line your property. In lieu of iron or wooden posts, build brick pillars and secure wooden planks or iron bars horizontally between them to create the boundaries. Top each pillar with flat concrete slates to prevent your pillars from filling with rain water, and for added style and decor you can add potted plants or ceramic statues on top of the slates.

Tags: your property, lattice panels, look your, wooden posts, Wrought-iron fences, your personal

Rooftop Deck Ideas

Rooftop decks are the ideal spot for enjoying an evening meal with friends and family or lounging in on a lazy afternoon. Use colorful plants and herbs and create a garden. Plant them in containers and scatter them around your deck for an attractive design. Comfortable chairs with colorful pillows accented in your favorite colors will provide seating on your deck with an added bit of color and design. Hang lights around your deck for a magical glow at night. Does this Spark an idea?

Planter Boxes

Rooftop decks are the perfect spot for planting your favorite flowers and plants. With full sun beating down upon the roof, you can create a beautiful garden that will brighten up your space. Durable and weatherproof, cedar boxes will provide a spot for your plants. Cedar's weather-resistant and neutral brown color will blend in nicely with the outside deck and contrast with the colorful plants. To save space, place the cedar boxes around the rooftop deck. This will free up the middle part of the deck for a dining table to entertain family and friends. Use small and large cedar boxes mixed with perennials and herbs for an attractive design. Perennials come up every year and will give you a lifetime of enjoyment without breaking your budget. They also love full sun which makes them ideal for the roof.

Water Feature

Provide a peaceful and inviting space by installing a water fountain on your rooftop deck. Fountains come in many different sizes and shapes and will create a peaceful and cozy space for relaxing. To create a water feature, fill a stainless steel basin with stone and pebbles. These basins are water tight, allowing the water to circulate inside the basin. Next, install the fountain over the stones. The water coming off the fountain will fill up the basin and cover the rocks giving you a beautiful water scape. For an added design element, use water-loving plants like water lilies and place them in your fountain. These plants will help filter the water while providing a lush and exotic touch to your water feature.

Seating

Seating is essential to your rooftop deck for entertaining friends and family or hosting an event outside. Comfort and style mixed together will create the perfect space. Consider using seating with built-in storage for added space.

Line the rooftop with benches that can also double as a storage space for garden tools and outdoor supplies. Placed along the circumference of the deck, they will free up space while providing adequate seating. Add a weather-resistant and comfortable patio set for evening meals with friends. Wrought-iron is very durable and can withstand the outside elements while providing a classic design element on your deck. Use pillows and rugs accented in blues and yellows for your chairs. For shade, install an umbrella above your dining table.

Tags: your deck, cedar boxes, while providing, around your, around your deck, attractive design

Types Of Fencing Material

Types of Fencing Material

Fences are a necessity for many home or business owners for a variety of reasons. Thankfully there are as many types and styles of functions as there are reasons for having them. They come in varieties that will fit even the most stringent homeowner association codes. Some may look like they are guarding a prison yard while others are so natural or artistic that everyone on the block will end up wanting one. Does this Spark an idea?

Types

Fencing materials range from chain link to wooden slat, bamboo to tin. Other types of fences include wooden picket, wrought iron, stone, cement, plastic or wooden lattice, aluminum, rock and even fences made from hedges. Scale can range from massive, fortress walls that people need ladders to climb to fences so low that the smallest puppy can easily hop over.

Function

Fences can serve a number of functions, depending on the type of material used. Wrought iron and chain link serve to keep intruders out, but don't do much for privacy. Conversely, bamboo and hedge fences are great privacy fences but are easily felled by anyone wanting to get in. Fences can also be used to mark property lines, keep pets and small children contained and deter people from walking across the yard.

Features

Regardless of the type of fence, most share some common features. An entrance is usually marked by some type of gate or by an open area. Fence posts are usually installed at set intervals so the fencing material has something to which it can be attached. Extras include a top level of barbed or electrified wire or ornate handiwork. Some wrought iron fences, for instance, may sport spikes, fleur de lis, skulls, gargoyles, scrolls and other elaborate designs throughout or atop the fence.

Considerations

The first thought when considering a fence should be its function. Those who are looking for privacy, for instance, will have a much different selection that those wanting a fence to keep prisoners contained in a jail yard. The second consideration should be the cost. Some of the cheaper fences, such as plastic lattice or bamboo, can be incredibly economical, but they also lack durability and longevity. The climate should be another factor to consider, as some materials, such as bamboo or wood, will rot in constant rain or blow away in windy climes.

Potential

Some fencing goals may be achieved by combining more than one type of fence. An unattractive yet durable chain-link fence can be backed by ornamental hedges, interwoven with light wooden or colorful plastic slats or be lined with a layer of bamboo fencing. Others have erected concrete wall fences to a certain height and then topped them off with a chain-link to add even more height at a reasonable cost.

Tags: Types Fencing, chain link, range from, type fence, Types Fencing Material

Adapt An Antique Double Bed To Queen Size

If you are shopping for a new bed these days, you have the option of choosing from a number of standard sizes including twin, full, queen and king. Antique lovers do not always have the same advantage. Although beds constructed after the late 1800s were generally standard in size--either twin or full--larger beds are rare and where they do exist often require the use of custom-made bedding made to non-standard sizes. Fortunately, there are solutions for those who would like to decorate their bedrooms with fine antique double beds while still enjoying the comfort and space of a queen-sized mattress. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Remove the side rails and cross slats from your double bed, leaving only the headboard and footboard. Use a standard, inexpensive converter kit that can be purchased on-line or at most bedding stores.

2. Store the original side rails and cross slats in the event you later want to reduce the size of the bed or to sell your antique in its original configuration. Standard converter kits resemble modern metal bed frames. They consisted of an L-shaped steel rail system which, when assembled, supports the mattress without the need for cross-slats. Conversion kits come equipped with hardware to allow you to attach the new frame to the headboard and footboard.

3. To attach a headboard-only modern queen bed frame to an antique headboard and footboard, purchase adapter conversion plates which clamp on to the existing steel frame. Bolt the headboard and footboard into these plates that are widely available on-line and can be found in many specialty hardware stores and sleep shops.

4. To put a queen size mattress on a double sized iron bed with a frame that is welded onto the headboard and footboard, install a set of 4 L-shaped brackets to the metal side rails, allowing a mattress to be seated atop the frame without shifting from side-to-side.

Tags: headboard footboard, side rails, cross slats, rails cross, rails cross slats, side rails cross

Mount A Wine Rack To A Wall

Wine is often displayed in attractive racks that are designed to be securely mounted to a wall. Because wine is heavy, most wine racks are also designed to carry a lot of weight, and also to hold the wine so that the corks are kept moist. This means that the rack should be level and mounted according to the manufacturer's directions. In all cases, a wall-mounted wine rack should be screwed directly into studs or other substantial wall materials so it won't fall and cause injury or damage. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Examine the installation requirements of the wine rack to determine the load weight of the rack when it is at capacity. This load weight will be your guide to the type of mounting cleat you will need to support that weight on your wall.

2. Select a French cleat--type mounting system that is designed to hold the capacity of the wine rack. A traditional French cleat is a board that is cut lengthwise at a 45-degree angle. The bottom half, or upward-pointed board, is mounted to the wall studs with the pointed edge away from the wall. The upper half --- or downward-facing part --- of the cleat is mounted to the back of the cabinet or object. Modern cleat systems are often made of metal but function in a similar manner.

3. Determine the location where you want to place the wine rack. Mark the width of the rack on the wall in light pencil. Move a stud finder between the marks to locate the studs behind the drywall. Mark each stud.

4. Look at the back of the wine rack. If the rack has a solid wood back, you should mount the cleat one-third or one-quarter the length from the top edge. If the rack has an open back, you may need to mount the cleat at the top edge or where there is enough substantial wood to screw in the cleat. Measure a level horizontal line, and mount your downward-facing cleat to the back of the wine rack.

5. Transfer your height measurements to the wall. Mark where you want the top of the wine rack to be and how far down the cleat is located on the back of the rack. Draw a horizontal line between your width measurements on the wall, and mount your upward-facing cleats to the wall studs. Screw into each stud with long wood screws so the cleat is very securely mounted.

6. Add rubber bumpers to the bottom corners of the back of the wine rack if the cleat will cause the wine rack to hang unevenly or tip forward along the top front. The bumper should be the thickness of the cleats added together. Bumpers can be a screw type or have an adhesive, and they are commonly sold in home improvement stores as bumpers for glass-top tables or as rubber lifts.

Tags: wine rack, back wine, back wine rack, wine rack, cleat will, each stud, horizontal line

Weld Cast Iron

Weld Cast Iron

Cast iron usually has a carbon content of 2 to 4 percent which is much greater than in most steels. This causes most cast iron to be brittle and difficult to weld. Most cast iron welding involves repairs to existing castings instead of forming new castings.

Instructions

1. Use cooling or heating when welding cast iron. The single most important consideration in welding cast iron is to keep it out of the 150- to 500-degree F range. Preheating is generally preferred, but cooling also is used. Do not change methods in the middle of a weld.

2. Preheat the cast iron part. If possible, heat the entire casting slowly and uniformly in the 500- to 1,200-degree F range. Do not overheat; most cast iron starts to crack above 1,400 degrees F. Use a low current to minimize admixture and stress.

3. Keep the cast iron cool but not cold. If the part is on some type of powered machinery, it may be possible to run it for a short time to achieve the desired temperature. The casting should never get too hot to touch with your bare hand. Make short welds approximately 1-inch long to avoid overheating.

4. Expect small cracks when welding cast iron, even when performed correctly. A sealing compound normally must be applied to joints that need to be watertight.

5. Repair major cracks in cast iron with studding. Screw steel studs into holes that have been drilled and tapped into the surface to be welded. The studs should have 5 to 6 mm above the surface. The studs are then welded into place.

Tags: cast iron, welding cast, welding cast iron, cast iron, cast iron

Treatments For Iron Windows

Iron framed windows may seem utilitarian or prison-like to some, however iron can be extremely ornamental. There are some techniques you can employ to accentuate the iron elements of your windows and give your home a rich, Gothic appearance. Does this Spark an idea?

Iron Rods

Installing an iron rod is perhaps one of the easiest ways to treat an iron window and accentuate the iron frame. Just because a curtain rod has to hold up fabric doesn't mean that it has to be plain or perfectly straight. You can find rather ornate iron curtains rods that feature intricate scrolls, etchings or other designs. The iron curtain rod naturally goes with the iron frame of the window and the intricate design of the rod helps bring attention to both.

Iron Window Grills

Use an iron window grill to both ornament your existing window in a simple yet intriguing fashion, and as a way to accentuate the iron frame of your window. Firstly, installing an iron window grill allows you to choose from myriad designs and patterns, many of which are intricate. However, once you install such a grill on your windows, you won't need to hang curtains or drapes but can just let the windows stand bare with their new grills. The grills also bring out the ironwork in the window frame and give your windows a string Gothic feel, almost making your home into a cathedral.

Wrought Iron Cornice

Make no mistake: A wrought iron cornice is a bold and distinctive way to give your room a strongly Gothic feel. A wrought iron cornice is like a window valance except made out of metal. This cornice goes at the very top of the window over the drapes, creating a sort of iron crown. Wrought iron can take on a near endless amount of designs or scrolls. It is a very heavy, daring look that will coordinate with your iron window frame, but which will also most likely take attention away from the frame.

Tags: iron window, accentuate iron, give your, iron frame, your windows, accentuate iron frame

Restaurant Decorating Ideas For A European Bistro

Designing a European bistro is possible with the right touches.

Good restaurant design transports the customer to an exotic location as a way to escape reality for a few hours. Additionally, design should be in accordance with the food served. William Blunden, an award-winning architect, explains that quality restaurant design must balance multiple factors: energy, personality, cuisine, intimacy, theater and gallery are some. For European bistros serving Italian bruschetta, then, the interior must make the diner feel as if he can almost hear the mandolin from an outside gondola. Does this Spark an idea?

Walls

Many rustic restaurants in Europe have brick walls, whereas many new American restaurants tend to have smooth painted walls. To create an old-world European bistro look, build a brick wall.

Or, choose a faux antique paint finish using a color palate inspired by the cuisine served. For example, paint a Spanish tapas bar deep crimson, but give a polished French bistro simple cream-colored walls to match its wooden furniture. Similarly, consider painting a mural of the Tuscan countryside for Italian cuisine.

Wrought Iron

Many fences, lights and buildings in Europe showcase the ornate curls of wrought iron. Conjure these images in the bistro by decorating it with wrought iron candle holders, curtain rods, wine holders, chandeliers and railings. Place small iron candle holders on each table and decorate bathrooms by hanging pictures in wrought iron photo frames.

Floors

Aside from being easy to clean, hardwood floors convey authenticity and antiquity. Though bamboo might be eco-friendly and trendy, choose a dark-colored wood like oak or mahogany for the best results.

Decorate a Mediterranean-style bistro's floor, however, with heavy tile. For restaurants located in similarly warm, breezy climates like Florida or California, tile will help keep the restaurant cool.

Scooter

Italian and Parisian streets would not look the same without scooters perched on the sidewalk. Buy a Vespa, a classic Italian icon, to display in the window or to secure outside the restaurant. Or, hang a retro scooter poster in the restaurant.

Lighting

Ideally, have large windows in the front of the restaurant. European restaurants commonly entice customers to come in by creating a well-lit, open space. The natural sunlight seeping into the restaurant creates the illusion of an open, breezy space commonly found on the cobblestoned streets of Paris.

If large windows are not possible, hang hand-crafted glass-blown lights or chandeliers. Avoid fluorescent lighting, neon lights (think the opposite of an American diner) and anything that gives harsh, white light. Create a dimly lit space with the use of tea candles.

Chalkboard

Small restaurants in Europe often concoct dishes based on whatever seasonal foods are available at the local market. Because of this lack of predictability, the owners will write menus on chalkboards. Place a chalkboard poster outside the restaurant to indicate the day's special, or place a giant chalkboard listing the full menu on the back wall of the restaurant. These erasable boards are also useful in listing experimental appetizers or desserts.

Tags: candle holders, European bistro, iron candle, iron candle holders, large windows, outside restaurant

Resort Hotels In Florida

The best of both worlds.

In recent years, many Florida hotels have grown from boutique, beachside bungalows to expansive luxury resorts, offering the best in beachfront dining, golfing, spa amenities and cabana sunbathing. Catering to families, couples and singles, these resorts offer the peace and privacy of an island getaway, all within minutes of Florida's most attractive city centers.

LaPlaya Beach & Golf Resort

Poolside tiki bar

LaPlaya Beach & Golf Resort, located in Naples, Florida, between the Gulf of Mexico and Vanderbilt Bay, is Naples' only beachfront golf and spa resort. Each of the 189 guest rooms and suites feature wrought-iron furnishings, plush linens, contemporary art works and ocean or bay views. Luxury suites include large, four-poster beds in butterfly netting, expansive marble bathrooms with whirlpool Jacuzzi tubs, executive work desks and wireless Internet access. Hotel amenities include a full-service spa, golf course, fitness center, poolside tiki bar and award-winning dining at Baleen Restaurant. Naples attractions include the Philharmonic Center for the Arts, Naples Dinner Theater, Waterside Shops and Naples Zoo at Caribbean Gardens.

LaPlaya Beach & Golf Resort

9891 Gulf Shore Drive

Naples, FL 34108

800-237-6883

laplayaresort.com

The Breakers Palm Beach

36 holes

The Breakers Palm Beach, situated on 140 acres of beachfront property, is one of the most expansive resort hotels in South Florida. Comprised of 540 guest rooms and 68 suites, hotel amenities include five oceanfront pools and four whirlpool spas, 20 beach bungalows and 10 grand cabanas with personal concierge services, nine restaurants, five bars, 11 boutique shops, 10 tennis courts and 36 holes of golf. Each luxury guest room features a flat screen TV and DVD/CD player, in-room movies, an iPod docking station, high-speed wireless Internet access, mini bar, spa toiletries and complimentary robes and slippers. The Breakers Palm Beach is just minutes away from the Palm Beach Zoo, Aquarium, Planetarium and Science Museum.

The Breakers Palm Beach

1 South Country Road

Palm Beach, FL 33480

888-273-2537

thebreakers.com

Hilton Clearwater Beach Resort

Steps away from the soft, white sand.

Hilton Clearwater Beach Resort offers luxury accommodations just steps away from the white sand beaches of Clearwater, Florida. Specialty suites feature King, Queen and Double Beds, luxury lines, down pillows, spa bath amenities, cable TV with HBO, ESPN and CNN channels in addition to a DVD player, on-demand movie rental, wireless Internet access, mini fridge and gourmet coffees. Resort amenities include 10 private acres of beach cabanas, fine dining at Reflections Restaurant, bike and Wave Runner rentals, heated swimming and Jacuzzi tubs. Local attractions include the Clearwater Marina, chartered dining cruises and the Sunsets at Pier 60 Arts Festival.

Hilton Clearwater Beach Resort

400 Mandalay Ave.

Clearwater Beach, FL 33767

721-461-3222

clearwaterbeachresort.com

Tags: Palm Beach, Breakers Palm, Breakers Palm Beach, Clearwater Beach, amenities include

Bistro Patio Furniture Tips & Tricks

Bistro patio furniture is a nice addition to your patio.

Bistro patio furniture is a good way to give your backyard patio a hint of European charm. You can give your patio the ambiance of a romantic French restaurant--two chairs and a little, round table big enough for two people. The furniture is excellent when you have a friend over or if you and your significant other want breakfast or supper on the deck. Does this Spark an idea?

Buying

Chances are you want your bistro patio furniture to last. Two things have to be taken into account if the furniture you choose will be meant to last. First, the furniture will be used. It will receive wear and tear. Second, the furniture will be outside, in the sun, rain, maybe hail and snow and animals and birds. Your patio furniture should withstand such conditions, so make sure it's durable. Durable sets will be more expensive, but will be worth it. Some durable materials include wood, plastic and, the most common, wrought iron.

Placing

A bistro furniture set will not normally take up too much space. Since it is a place for people to sit, do not place it in full sunlight. Put it in a location where it can spend some time in the shade. This will also cut back on the sun fading the color of the furniture. So, the placement of the set on your patio depends largely on what your tastes are. If you enjoy sunrises or sunsets, place the set on the eastern or western side in accordance. Make sure there are no trees or buildings to obscure your view. For a water view, place the set as close to edge of patio nearest the water.

Accessorizing

If full sunlight is really your only option, it would be best to get an umbrella that attaches to the middle of the table. Also, most bistro furniture sets do not come with cushioning. Some seat cushions will help to prevent sore bottoms. If you spend a lot of time sitting at the bistro, get some back cushions, as well. For a touch of elegance, you can drape a whimsy white cloth over the table to act as a tablecloth.

Maintaining

Since most sets are wrought iron, not a lot of maintenance is necessary to maintain the furniture. A good washing with warm water and soap will usually do the trick. Do this washing during the spring and fall seasons and whenever bird droppings or spills land on the furniture. Wooden bistro patio sets also need little maintenance. Make sure the furniture has a waterproof coating, such as a paint or a stain. If not, you will need to apply a coat to prevent the wood from splitting due to excess moisture. This will also allow you to clean the set with soap and water.

Tags: furniture will, patio furniture, your patio, bistro furniture, bistro patio, Bistro patio, full sunlight

Should I Paint An Exterior Door With Flat Or Semigloss Paint

Exterior paint, particularly if it's being used on a front door, needs to be both durable and attractive. Sheens run from flat to semi- and high-gloss. Flat paint may be suitable for a garage door, but any high-traffic entry, such as your front door, usually looks better painted in satin or semi-gloss. However, if you really want to put a flat paint on your front door, newer brands of flat or matte paints are stain resistant and washable. Does this Spark an idea?

Exterior Paint Sheens

Exterior paint is available in several sheens, depending on the manufacturer. High-gloss paint is not commonly used and is available in either water- or oil-based formulas. It is generally reserved for metal exterior accents like wrought iron or front doors. Semi-gloss paint is a popular choice for exterior trim, including doors. Low-sheen or satin is a versatile finish; used for siding that's in good condition or for trim. Flat paint is ideal for most types of siding and trim, but typically a poor choice for doors that see a lot of use, because it's not as stain resistant.

Usually, the higher the sheen, the more stain-resistant and washable the finish. An exception are paints marketed as washable flat or matte paints, which have an extremely low sheen and look flat. Higher sheens reflect light and accentuate imperfections, while non-shiny paint deflects light and minimize imperfections.

Painting Exterior Doors

Garage, side and exterior doors that get little use may look best painted to match the siding. Painting a large area, like a garage door (which often faces the street), with semi-gloss paint creates some glare from sunlight, especially if it's textured or rough. The best choice for these doors is a quality flat exterior paint. Front doors don't have to match the rest of the house trim. They are often painted in a different color and gloss as a focal point. If your door is in good condition, it will probably look best painted with semi-gloss paint in a welcoming or fun color.

Tags: front door, your front door, best painted, doors that, flat matte, flat matte paints

Repurposing A Cast Iron Tub Into A Sofa

Turn an old, unused cast iron bath tub into a surprisingly comfortable sofa, much like the one seen in the film version of "Breakfast at Tiffany's." If desired, make several cushions for the seat using different fabric. Swap the cushions out with the seasons to refresh the look of your cast iron tub sofa and use throw pillows to cushion the back of the tub. Alternate the throw pillows with the season as well. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Cut and Paint the Tub

1. Use the ruler and marker to draw the outline of the area you will cut from the front of the tub. Cut one long side panel off so that you are able to sit inside the tub.

2. Put on the eye and ear protection.

3. Cut the tub along the traced line with the reciprocating saw and carbide grit blade. Take your time going through the cast iron; allow the blade to do the work.

4. Sand the cut edge of the tub with sandpaper. Depending on the condition of the tub, consider sanding all over the inner and outer surface as well.

5. Wipe away the sanding dust with the damp rag and allow the tub to dry.

6. Spray paint the exterior of the tub and the claw feet. You can use contrasting colors of paint. If the tub is in relatively good condition, you can also leave it unpainted.

Make the Cushion

7. Cut a piece of fabric to cover the foam cushion. The fabric should measure 12 inches plus twice the depth of the cushion in length. Its width should be the width of the cushion plus 13 inches.

8. Fold the fabric in half widthwise, right sides facing in. Pin along the two shorter sides of the fabric.

9. Sew along the two pinned-together fabric sides, leaving a half-inch seam.

10. Turn the fabric right side out. Slide the foam inside the cushion through the open side.

11. Bring the two edges of the open side together and pin. Hand sew the opening together. The fabric will be very tight against the foam. Place the foam inside the tub, with the sewn sides facing the three sides of the tub.

12. Pile pillows along the back and sides of the tub if desired.

Tags: cast iron, foam inside, open side, sides facing, throw pillows

Wrought Iron Rust Removal

Wrought Iron Rust Removal

Wrought iron is typically defined as iron that has a very low carbon content, and it is extremely common in outdoor furniture, landscaping elements and fencing. Wrought iron is prone to rust. If you wish to restore older wrought iron furnishings or simply make a wrought iron item look like new, rust removal is a very high priority. Does this Spark an idea?

Inspection

Wrought iron is usually fairly tough, but if it is an older piece, you may consider having a professional take care of it. If the piece is extremely delicate or if you think that it might have value as an antique, handle it very carefully. When you inspect the piece of wrought iron that you want to treat, look for all the rust spots that are on it. Remember that rust will get under areas that have been painted over if there is a crack in the paint.

Tools

Though removing rust from wrought iron can be tiring, the tools for the process are fairly straightforward. You will need sandpaper, a wire brush, steel wool, some water and rust inhibitor to start with. If you are dealing with a painted piece of wrought iron, you will also need a paint brush and matching paint if you want to preserve the paint rather than simply stripping it away.

Removing Rust

Use your sandpaper to rub away the rust. In most cases, 80- or 60-grit sandpaper will do to begin with. This coarse-grained sandpaper will allow you to get the worst of the rust off. For spots where the rust is particularly bad, use the wire brush. Remember that the wire brush can scratch off paint, though, so be careful if you are using it near paint that you want to preserve. After you have gotten the worst of the rust off, finish off the surface with some medium-grit sandpaper such as 120-grit or 160-grit.

Finishing

When you have removed all the rust, use the steel wool to buff the iron back to the shape that it was in previously. Steel wool can smooth out any scratches that were made by the sandpaper and the wire brush. Rinse the area with water and allow it to dry. Apply the rust inhibitor. Rust inhibitor will also act as a primer for enamel paint, so after the rust inhibitor dries, you can proceed to paint the area as well, if you wish to do so.

Tags: wire brush, Iron Rust, Iron Rust Removal, iron that, piece wrought, piece wrought iron, Remember that

Prom Ideas & Themes

Two teens ready for prom.

Prom is an exciting event for high school students. While many of the aspects remain the same, such as girls in gorgeous gowns, guys in tuxedos, and a fancy dance, proms can use a wide variety of themes. With careful planning and attention to the details, special prom themes and other ideas can help make this special night even more memorable. Does this Spark an idea?

Parisian Prom

A prom with Parisian flair is sure to be tres chic. Strings of white lights illuminating the room give the hall the romantic glow and ambiance of Paris. A replica of the Eiffel tower will make the students at prom feel as though they are in the city of love. To create the feel of a sidewalk cafe in Paris, add metal tables and chairs that look like those found at a cafe to a corner of the prom hall. Prom-goers will enjoy relaxing at the cafe-inspired spot when they have grown tired of dancing.

Lovely Luau

With summer just around the corner, a luau-themed prom is a fun way to wrap up the school year. Greet guests with colorful leis and flowers for their hair. Give the room bursts of color by filling it with brightly colored balloons and beach balls. Fake palm trees will lend a tropical vibe to the space, as will fake tiki torches. Serve fun tropical beverages, such as fresh fruit smoothies and virgin pina coladas from a surf hut adorned with surfboards.

Hollywood Gala

A Hollywood themed prom ensures a glamorous evening, fit for the biggest movie stars, as well as happy prom goers. Lead the way to the prom hall with a luscious red carpet. Inside, create a Hollywood Walk of Fame from cardboard decorated with golden stars. Instead of celebrities, let the stars show off the names of teachers, as well as the prom court. With golden balloons, tons of glitter and star shaped decorations throughout the hall, the high schoolers will feel like celebrities.

Palace Prom

Make Queen Elizabeth jealous with an enchanting prom theme inspired by a palace. A lit wrought iron gate makes a stunning entrance for the event. Inside, turrets and towers give the appearance of a castle. Adorning the hall with white decorative lights and hanging flowing cloth from the ceiling will give any space a majestic and royal feel. Balloons of deep violets have a regal look that will help decorate the space. The royal setting will make the high schoolers feel like princes and princesses.

Tags: feel like, hall with, high schoolers, prom hall, will make

Decorating Ideas For A Bed With No Head Or Foot Boards

Vintage pieces of furniture work well in place of a headboard or footboard.

Just because your bed lacks a headboard and a footboard doesn't mean that your bedroom decor should be bland or lack personality. You can easily imitate the look of a headboard or footboard with a bit of creativity that reflects your own style, or you can opt for a completely different and inventive way to accessorize the head and foot of your bed. Does this Spark an idea?

Headboard Replacements

You can create the look of an attached headboard in a variety of ways that suit any decorating style. For a vintage, shabby-chic look, attach a whitewashed picket fence to the wall with screws behind the head of the bed. For a chic French-inspired look, attach the gate of a wrought-iron fence; these come in different heights and designs. Create your own fabric-covered faux headboard out of pressboard covered with batting and fabric and attach it to the wall with screws.

Footboard Replacements

A footboard at the end of the bed signals a transition between a sleeping space and another area in the bedroom. A piece of furniture at the end of the bed works just as well. A vintage trunk at the foot of the bed doubles as a storage piece, while a large bench is streamlined enough to be unobtrusive and also work as bedroom seating if necessary. A console table the same height as the bed imitates the look of a footboard and doubles as a display area for photos and accessories.

Canopy

In lieu of a headboard or a footboard, create a suspended canopy. Hang curtain rods the same width or slightly wider than your bed directly above the head and foot of your bed. Suspend the curtain rods from S-shaped hooks and fishing line so that they hang a few inches below the ceiling. Drape long lengths of fabric over the rods so that the cloth hangs elegantly above the head and foot of the bed, creating a canopy.

Folding Screens and Vintage Doors

Folding screens and vintage doors add a dramatic flair when used in place of headboards. Place an antique door or exotic screen at the head of the bed for an old-world look. Screens can be placed in a resting position behind the bed, while doors can be suspended from the ceiling or bolted to the wall.

Tags: headboard footboard, above head, above head foot, curtain rods, foot your, head foot

Make A Headboard & Frame

An example of a headboard and frame.

The headboard and frame are essential pieces in bedroom furniture set. There are many options when choosing to make a headboard. From an old door, to a picture frame, to an entire wall, anything can be made into a headboard. A headboard can be anything from a simple decoration to a functional storage space. A simple headboard and frame design can be modified to fit any aesthetic desire. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

Headboard Construction

1. Using a tape measure, measure each side of the bed. Measure from the desired top point of the headboard to 8 inches above the floor for the headboard height. Combine with the width of the bed for the complete headboard measurement. Add 8 inches to the headboard height measurement to determine the headboard mount measurement.

2. Have the lumber yard cut the pieces of 2-by-12-by-8 lumber to bed measurements. Cut the 1/2-inch plywood to headboard measurements and the pine pieces to the headboard mount measurement.

3. Lay the headboard piece face down on quilt batting. Cut quilt batting in the shape of the headboard leaving 6 extra inches of batting around each edge. Stretch batting tight around headboard and staple. Repeat the same process with the headboard laying batting side down on the wrong side of the fabric.

4. Measure 6 inches from each side of the headboard and attach the 1-by-4 pine pieces using the 1 1/4-inch screws. From the bottom of the pine pieces, measure 2 inches up and drill two 1 1/4-inch holes four inches apart.

Bed Frame Construction

5. Sand the cut edges of the 2-by-12-by-8 pieces of lumber. Following the grain of the wood, use a rag to apply the stain. Follow the stain directions and apply additional coats as necessary to reach the desired shade. Let the stain dry between coats.

6. After the stain has dried, apply a coat of polyurethane using a paintbrush and let dry completely. Apply additional coats as necessary until the desired finish has been achieved. Let each coat dry completely before applying the next, and lightly sand between coats.

7. Using the holes in the pine pieces as guides, drill two corresponding holes in the bed frame piece. Attach the pine pieces to the frame piece with the hex bolts, nuts, and lock washers.

8. Align the proper frame pieces and headboard with their corresponding bed measurements. Connect the pieces together using 1 1/4-inch screws to attach the corner brackets to the inside of each joint.

Tags: pine pieces, headboard frame, 4-inch screws, additional coats, additional coats necessary, between coats, coats necessary

Paint A Metal Screen Door

The main problem with metal screen doors is that they can rust and show signs of wear over time. The good news is that painting the door is a fairly easy do-it-yourself job that can make your door look as good as new. When painting a metal screen door, it's important to purchase the right paint or you won't be happy with the results. You can choose to remove the door for easier access or paint the door while it's still attached. These simple steps will help bring your metal screen door back to life.

Instructions

Prepare the Surface - Clean the Door

1. Mix a small amount of white vinegar with a bucket of warm water and scrub the door. Try and remove all the dirt and grime you can. For heavier stains and mildew, spray white vinegar directly on the door, let it sit for 5-10 minutes and then wipe it away with a wet sponge. There are also metal cleaners that you can use that will remove mildew without ruining the finish.

2. Remove any rust with a medium grit sandpaper by lightly sanding the rust. Make sure to remove any flaky paint around the rust.

3. Remove the screen or tape off existing areas that you do not want to be painted with painter's tape. Removing the screen is optional and may make it a little easier to paint.

Prime and Paint the Door

4. Use an oil-based primer that is specifically designed for application on metal and prime the door using a paint brush or foam brush. This step is crucial in providing a clean, smooth surface for painting.

5. Allow the primer to dry. Read the label on your paint can for drying times and consider waiting at least 24 hours for optimal results.

6. Check the surface and make sure there are no paint bubbles and that the primer has covered any existing rust and mildew. Apply a second coat of primer if needed.

7. Use an oil-based paint designed for application on metal for the finishing coat on the door. Use long, even strokes and load the brush with paint when you bridge wet areas to prevent noticeable brush marks.

8. Allow the first coat to dry and apply the second and final coat.

Tags: application metal, designed application, designed application metal, metal screen, white vinegar

Homemade Wrought Iron Stars

Stars made from wrought iron are a popular decorative accent.

Stars are a popular decorative accent, regardless of whether your decor is chic or country. To use the shape effectively, repetition is the key. Use the silhouette of a star in various applications to create a truly appealing and unified environment. One of the most common star silhouettes is formed from wrought iron. Bending iron can be done by two basic methods--using a forming jig or heating and hammering the iron. With a few blacksmith tools and skill with a forge, you can turn out one perfectly formed star shape after another to create truly special decorative accents.

Instructions

Use a Forming Jig

1. Clamp a forming jig or metal bender to a worktop. Cut a piece of 1/4-inch-thick iron to the length you need. This iron bar should be no wider than 1.25 inches to bend in the jig.

2. Clamp the end of the iron bar onto the jig, and begin to bend it around the jig with the metal bender tool.

3. Feed the iron carefully into the jig as it bends the iron piece for you.

Heat and Hammer

4. Heat a piece of the iron in a forge until it glows orange.

5. Pull the iron out of the fire using tongs and begin to hammer it into the shape you want. To achieve a curve or bend, clamp one end of the iron onto a vise to hold it while you bend it with a hammer.

6. Cool the iron off by plunging it into cold water.

7. Continue to heat and shape the iron until you get it to the shape you want.

Tags: create truly, decorative accent, from wrought, from wrought iron, iron onto

Make A Headboard Slipcover

You can give your bedroom a quick makeover by changing the headboard of your bed. The easiest, least expensive way to do that is to make a headboard slipcover. You can even choose two coordinating fabrics so you can have two different looks. All you need to do is reverse the headboard slipcover. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Measure the distance across your headboard plus the length of both sides. Add a couple extra inches. This is the amount of trim needed for the slipcover.

2. Purchase the fabric, trim and other supplies. Pre-wash the fabric and trim in cold water.

3. Lay Fabric A on a table with the right side up. Lay Fabric B on top of Fabric A with the right side down. Make sure the selvages are even. Place the headboard on top of the fabric. Trace around the headboard.

4. Repeat this process with the batting if you intend to soften the headboard. Staple the batting in place on the headboard.

5. Cut the two layers of fabric out. Allow at least 1/2 inch for the seam allowance. Allow more than that if the headboard is extra thick or if the batting is extra fluffy.

6. Pin the trim in place between the two layers of fabric. If you would rather, baste it in place. Pin the fabric layers together.

7. Stitch through all thicknesses of fabric and trim. Turn headboard slipcover right side out. Make sure you caught all the trim as you intended. Pull the corners out with a straight pin.

8. Place the slipcover over the headboard. You don't need to hem the bottom edge unless you want to because it's out of sight. Embellish the headboard with ribbons, lace or bows to suit yourself.

Tags: fabric trim, headboard slipcover, right side, layers fabric, Make sure, with right

Fix A Crack In A Fiberglass Bathtub

Cracks in a bathroom tub are not only unsightly they can also be the cause of further damage to your bathroom if not properly repaired. You will want to get a crack fixed as soon as possible to keep water from ruining the wood under and around the bathtub. A fiberglass tub repair kit makes the tub, a DIY project. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Clean the area to be repaired and lightly sand it to remove any sharp edges, oils and soap scum, for good adhesion.

2. If the crack is over ¼", you will need to cut a piece of the fiberglass mesh material, slightly larger than the crack. Also, keep in mind that you may need more than one layer, depending on the size of the crack.

3. Read the instructions of the kit to determine the measurements needed, since exact measurements are required for the mixture to set up properly, and figure out what tinting requirements you are going to need.

4. Get a piece of cardboard to mix the resin on, since it can be difficult to remove, if spilled. Acetone is the only thing that will get it up, and it can require quite a bit of work, once hardened. Work with disposable mixing tools and container, but not Styrofoam, because it can eat right through it.

5. Measure the polyesther resin and hardener, according to the proportions listed in the instructions, which are usually equal portions.

6. Add the needed colorant according to proportions needed to match the fixture before adding the hardener. The color should be just slightly darker, since it will dry slightly lighter.

7. Add the thickening agent to desired thickness and then add the hardener. If you are patching a crack on the wall of the floor, you will need it slightly thicker than a horizontal crack in the floor.

8. Mix the resin mixture thoroughly so that it will harden evenly. Keep in mind that you only have 10 to 15 minutes before the resin hardens, and will be unusable.

9. Apply the mixture, and if fiberglass mesh or mat is used, then make sure you saturate it thoroughly and add another layer of mesh or mat, if needed. You will want to apply the mixture slightly higher than the surface, since you will be sanding it smooth.

10. Allow the patch to dry thoroughly, usually at least 2 hours at room temperature before sanding. If using a fiberglass material, you may need to trim any edges, before sanding with coarse grit sandpaper. You can start working your way to medium, then fine sandpaper for a smooth finish.

11. Mix a finishing layer of the resin and colorant to overlay the first patch. This will be without adding the thickening agent, it is important to smooth this layer since this will be the final surface, other than sanding it a little with very fine sandpaper after it hardens.

Tags: according proportions, before sanding, fiberglass mesh, fine sandpaper, mind that

Types Of Murphy Beds

Bedding is strapped onto the Murphy bed to hold it in place.

A need for floor space in a one-room apartment in 1900 inspired William L. Murphy to experiment with folding his bed against the wall. He applied for a patent, and later that year, launched the Murphy Wall Bed Company. The Murphy bed is nicknamed the "disappearing bed," because its unique design allows it to be folded and concealed with the bedding strapped on, then revealed when needed. Today, the Murphy bed is available in four models. Does this Spark an idea?

Styleline

The Styleline model was introduced in 1970, and remains a popular seller today. This model consists of a heavy-gauge steel frame that pivots on roller pins and iron castings. The mattress foundation is comprised of a slatted wood frame and thick urethane foam covered in nonskid fabric. The Styleline also features an automatic leg system, which folds up when the bed is in a stored position. Available in nine sizes, ranging from twin to California king, the bed is raised and lowered by a spring-loaded counter-balancing system.

Deluxe

The Deluxe differs from the Styleline in that it has smaller depth requirements. This model features a thinner foundation as well as a modified counter-balancing system. The Deluxe is available in three sizes: twin, double, and queen.

Economy

The Economy bed takes up less depth than the Deluxe. This model features a mattress support of steel ribbons and helical springs, which is attached to the bed frame. This unique support system eliminates the need for the separate mattress foundation required in other models. The Economy is available in three sizes: twin, three-quarter, and double.

Side Bed

The Side Bed model is basically the Deluxe turned on its side. Rather than raising and lowering vertically from the foot of the bed, this model is installed horizontally, enabling it to be lowered from its side. The Side Bed is available in three sizes: twin, three-quarter, and double.

Tags: available three, available three sizes, sizes twin, three sizes, three sizes twin, counter-balancing system, counter-balancing system Deluxe

Remodel A Tuscan Bathroom

Remodeling a Tuscan bathroom

Tuscan-style bathrooms are warm and inviting spaces that highlight rich woods, wrought iron accessories and warm, Tuscan colors. This particular decorating style is extremely luxurious and has a very distinctive visual appeal. The use of natural materials, in the way of high-end surfaces such as granite, marble and tile, is very beautiful and stands up well to bathroom use. Creating a Tuscan bathroom is simple with the incorporation of a few decorating techniques, and the result is beyond compare for a bathroom that feels like a space in a Tuscan villa. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Paint the walls a warm color. Tuscan color palettes include warm gold and terra cotta orange with touches of blue and green. Paint your walls a warm color to give the space a wonderful backdrop for the other layers of Tuscan-style accents in your bathroom.

2. Choose a Tuscan-style vanity. Tuscan-style bathrooms highlight dark woods, such as warm cherry and rich mahogany and often have granite countertops. When selecting a vanity piece for your Tuscan bathroom decor, choose deep, rich woods with high-end granite for an authentic Italian feel.

3. Incorporate a marble or tile floor. Tuscan bathroom design is very rustic and earthy, so add natural materials such as marble or tile as a flooring material for a room that is luxurious and has Italian flair.

4. Choose brushed nickel fixtures. To further your Tuscan bathroom design, select brushed nickel shower and sink fixtures for an authentic Old World look and feel to your Tuscan space.

5. Select wrought iron accents and accessories. Tuscan bathrooms often include all types of wrought iron accents, such as mirrors, towel racks, picture frames and magazine holders. Add a few of these elements to your Tuscan bathroom decor to enhance the space.

6. Incorporate open shelving for accessories and towels. Open shelves are a mainstay in a Tuscan bathroom, so add open shelves and fill them with rolled up towels, toiletries and other Italian accessories.

7. Add a Tuscan-inspired piece of art. Select a wonderful Tuscan countryside scene painting, and hang it on a large wall in your bathroom for a focal point in your space that visually augments your Tuscan decor.

8. Display apothecary jars. Tuscan bathrooms are elegant, so the addition of apothecary jars filled with bath salts, bath beads and soaps on open shelves or on the vanity serve as another luxurious accent to your wonderful Italian space.

9. Add live or faux greenery. Italian spaces usually include some type of live or faux greenery elements. Choose topiaries flanking your vanity, ferns hanging in a corner or any other type of gorgeous arrangement for a final touch to your special Tuscan bathroom retreat.

Tags: Tuscan bathroom, your Tuscan, marble tile, wrought iron, your Tuscan bathroom

Restore Baby Furniture

Baby furniture may be repainted to freshen its look.

Once a piece of baby furniture has been used used for a few children, it probably has some chips in the paint, dings, or loose parts and needs some restoration work. Baby furniture that was used for a child of one sex but needs to be converted to be used by a child of another sex can also be refinished to be appropriate for either a boy or a girl. With time and care, you can turn an ordinary piece of baby furniture into a family heirloom. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Set up your work area. Choose a room that is well ventilated if working inside. Lay down a drop cloth under the piece of furniture to collect debris created during stripping and sanding, and painting.

2. Apply paint stripper according to the manufacturer's directions--usually it's painted on with a paintbrush--and allow it to sit on the paint for the recommended amount of time to soften it. Peel the old paint off with paint scraper. Repeat the process of applying stripper and scraping it off if any original paint remains on the furniture after the first strip. Continue until there is no trace of original paint left on the furniture.

3. Sand the surface of the furniture with a fine- to medium-grade sandpaper to remove noticeable scratch marks or other flawed areas. Pay particular attention to corners or other areas the baby is likely to bump into or hold onto. Wipe each piece of furniture down with a dry cloth to remove sanding dust.

4. Paint the baby furniture with a paintbrush. Paint several thin coats if necessary to achieve even coverage, rather than one thick layer. Allow each coat to dry thoroughly--usually for 8 hours or overnight--before adding the next. Inspect the furniture after each coat to ensure no spots in corners or crevices were missed.

5. Decorate each piece of furniture once the paint has had time to dry completely. Stencil or stamp designs such as alphabet blocks or teddy bears on the outer sides or tops of the furniture to create a unique piece that matches your nursery theme or decor.

Tags: piece furniture, each coat, each piece, each piece furniture, furniture after

Pros And Cons Of Vinyl Vs Wrought Iron Fence

Iron is a beautiful material for everything from fences to window grates.

Choosing between vinyl and wrought iron as a material for a new fence can be a difficult decision for a homeowner. Each material has specific properties that make it more or less suitable for a particular region or application. Understanding the pros and cons of each material can help you make a good decision. Does this Spark an idea?

Durability

Both vinyl and wrought iron are strong candidates as fencing materials when long-term durability is considered. Vinyl, however, will be less likely to discolor and stain as time wears on. Wrought iron will require annual repainting to ward off rust, and will likely develop rust spots regardless. Rust will take a long time to have any structural effect on your fence, however, and you might find the antique rust look aesthetically appealing.

Installation

Wrought iron is considerably heavier than vinyl. You will have to put more effort into giving an iron fence a firm footing. This will involve pouring cement for each post. Vinyl fences, on the other hand, can often be installed without using cement, or require considerably less cement for the job. This will make installing a vinyl fence much easier and far less costly than wrought iron installation.

Style

Wrought iron comes in a variety of styles, but the choices are limited by the material. A solid, privacy-style wrought iron fence would not be cost effective. Most wrought iron fences consist of spaced bars with various decorations. If you are looking for a privacy fence, vinyl is the clear winner. Many styles of stockade and other solid fence pieces are manufactured in vinyl.

Cost

As vinyl fencing has gained in popularity its cost has come down considerably. Wrought iron remains a high-end fencing material, and will cost considerably more than vinyl if you decide to enclose your yard with it. With similar lifespans, vinyl fencing will give you many more years for your dollar than wrought iron will.

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Decorating A Foyer In Rustic Style

Wrought iron doorknocker ehances a rustic front door.

A rustic foyer welcomes you with warmth and gives you the feeling of being in a mountain lodge or a country cottage. The color palette is natural color tones of earthy brown, burnt red and orange. The furniture is heavy, made out of a distressed dark stained wood. Natural accessories such as a rack of deer antlers or fishing motifs decorate the walls. Old farm tools and antiques sit on a rough-hewn piece of lumber shelving supported by large wood corbels. The lighting is bright enough to see but not overwhelming. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Choose your focal piece for the foyer. This could be an area rug, large painting or piece of furniture. Coordinate the color scheme of the foyer from the focal piece. Paint the walls in a neutral earth tone.

2. Install pine hardwood floors with wood molding. Place an area rug centered in the foyer. Choose an area rug with an American Indian motif or an oval rag rug.

3. Install a wrought iron chandelier with electric candle lights centered on the foyer ceiling. Install several wrought iron scones on the walls. Keep the lighting level bright enough to see, but not too overwhelming.

4. Place on one wall a dark, distressed wood console piece. Hang a rustic framed mirror above the furniture piece. The mirror should be no wider than the console piece. Locate the bottom of the mirror 3 inches above the console. Place several vintage candle holders with beeswax candles on the top of the console. Place a vintage basket on the table to catch miscellaneous items.

5. Place a couple of ladder-back chairs or a rustic bench on the opposite wall, if space allows. Hang a rustic piece of artwork such as a picture of bison, wild animals or a country scene above the bench.

6. Install a shelf made out of a large piece of rough-hewn wood in the foyer. Place a fishing basket, old farm tools or other vintage items on the shelf.

7. Place a large vintage pot next to the door. Use this pot to hold umbrellas.

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Replace Charcoal With Coke In Iron Melting

Iron is a grayish-white magnetic metal. Iron is mined from its ore, which is impure because it contains elements such as oxygen. It is melted in a furnace supplied in the presence of carbon-based reducing agents such as coke or charcoal to remove oxygen to give pure iron. Charcoal often can be used if the ore has a high melting point, and it can be replaced with coke when iron begins to melt.

Instructions

1. Prepare a furnace. Build the walls of a furnace using heat-resistant brick such as cement, chamotte bricks and gypsum block. You can also use a high-melting-point ceramic of silica or alumina. Leave an opening at the top and two at the bottom for feeding in fuel and for blowing air into the furnace using a bellow.

2. Place charcoal into the furnace through the hole at the bottom. Light the charcoal. Put on your protective gloves, and allow fire to burn in the furnace to eliminate any moisture. Explosion can occur if moisture gets into contact with molten iron and charcoal.

3. Split the iron ore into small pieces with a sledgehammer. The smaller they are, the quicker they will melt. Scoop up the pieces using a cast iron pan and add them to the burning charcoal.

4. Insert the bellows into the furnace through the hole at the bottom. Use it to blow air into the furnace to ensure proper height of the fire and to prevent temperature from dropping. Use a cast iron pan to add more charcoal into the furnace.

5. Wear goggles and check if there is any bubble in the furnace to indicate whether the melting is taking place or not. Replace the charcoal with coke. Coke does not produce as much heat as charcoal but burns longer.

6. Scoop pieces of coke with the cast iron pan, and feed them to the fire. Continue blowing air into the furnace using the bellow. The pressurized heated air will make the coke burn faster, producing carbon monoxide to react with the heat to melt the iron further.

7. Stir the burning coke and the molting iron using an iron rod. Coke acts as reducing agent and removes oxygen from the molten iron. Allow the iron to melt completely for about 12 to 15 minutes.

8. Add small quantities of limestone to the molten iron and coke. (Limestone is added to remove slag or impurities from the molten iron). A mixture of limestone and impurities will float to the top of the molten iron.

9. Open the tap hole at the bottom of the furnace to allow the molten iron and slag to flow off. Once the molten iron cools, it will harden to form pure iron at melting point of 2757 degrees Fahrenheit.

Tags: molten iron, into furnace, cast iron, furnace using, hole bottom, blowing into, blowing into furnace

The History Of Stanley Tools

The History of Stanley Tools

Stanley Works, often referred to as "Stanley Tools" or simply "Stanley" is a large tool and hardware manufacturing company. It has been formed through numerous corporate acquisitions over the years.

Founding

Stanley was founded in 1843 by Fredrick Trent Stanley in New Britain, Connecticut. Originally, it was a small bolt manufacturing firm making products out of wrought iron.

Forming Stanley Works

Stanley Works was formed by a merger in 1920. It merged Stanley's Bolt Manufacturing company with the Stanley Rule and Level Company to form the modern corporate entity. It was listed on the NYSE in 1966.

Stanley Today

Today, Stanley is a large tool manufacturer with nearly $4.5 billion in sales and over 17,000 employees. It is headquartered in New Britain.

Acquisitions

Stanley Works has acquired numerous manufacturers, such as: MAC Tools, Bostitch, CST Berger, Goldblatt, Blick and Facom.

The Future

Recent acquisitions point to Stanley diversifying away from mechanical tools and hardware and into new technological fields. In 2008, with its acquisition of Xmark, it entered into RFID technology and medical equipment.

Tags: Stanley Works, Stanley Tools, History Stanley, History Stanley Tools, large tool

Install A Ceiling Pot Rack

A sturdy pot rack shows off copper-bottom pots.

A ceiling pot rack gets your pots and pans out of dark cupboards so you don't have to bang and clang your way around the kitchen every time you want to cook. Position the rack so that it is not in the way of any walking areas or your head if you are tall. Show off your pot collection and get your kitchen organized at the same time. Does this Spark an idea?

Instructions

1. Locate the studs in the ceiling and lightly mark the ceiling with a pencil or chalk in the area where you plan on hanging the pot rack. Figure out in what direction the studs are and how far apart they are.

2. Set the pot rack on the floor or counter directly below where you want to hang it. Plumb the positions of the anchoring hooks by hanging a simple weight such as a ladle from a string long enough to reach from the ceiling to the pot rack. Reposition the string on the ceiling until the weight lines up with the chain hanging location. Mark the positions on the ceiling with a pencil, lining them up with the stud marks.

3. Drill a small hole into the ceiling at one of the marks to check for the position of the studs in the ceiling. Push a section of wire about 12 inches up into the space above the kitchen ceiling if you did not hit a stud or if the studs are not close enough to where you want to hang the rack.

4. Look in the attic area above the kitchen for the position of the wires if you have access to the space, or drill another small hole until you find a stud, which usually are spaced 18 or 24 inches apart. If your installation does not line up with the studs, install a 2-by-4 brace between the studs in the attic space where the wire comes up through.

5. Drill pilot holes for the wood screw hooks to go through the ceiling and into the wood framework after you find their positions.

6. Screw the hooks in place and attach the pot rack chains to the hooks, lifting the pot rack into position.

Tags: above kitchen, ceiling with, ceiling with pencil, small hole, studs ceiling, want hang

What Is Used To Make Steel

What Is Used to Make Steel?

Durable, strong and relatively inexpensive, steel is an essential metal of our modern society. It is made from iron ore, a resource plentiful in the earth's crust. Does this Spark an idea?

Iron Ore

In its natural form, iron ore is not a useful metal, but for many years humans have been experimenting with transform it into practical materials such as wrought iron, cast iron and steel.

Other Raw Materials

Steel is an alloy of iron ore and carbon. Other elements, such as chromium, phosphorus and manganese, may also be included, depending on the type of steel desired.

Heating

For steel to be created, iron ore must be heated at high temperatures until molten iron is produced. Other heating elements can be used in steel-making furnaces. The addition of oxygen helps speed the transformation of iron ore into steel.

Forming

Molten steel is poured into various types of molds to create whatever shapes are needed. Sometimes intermediary shapes are created, and then the steel is formed again to create the final desired shape.

Finishing

Once the steel pieces are shaped, their surfaces must be finished. The finishing process helps prevent corrosion.

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Cow Print Ideas

Add interest to a space with cow print.

Add interest to any room in your home with cow print. This eye-catching pattern comes in black or brown and is ideal for use in a Western-themed room. When using this print, however, use it sparingly, as too much can be overbearing and make a room too busy. Does this Spark an idea?

Bedroom

Use cow print to bring a lively feeling to a bedroom. Turn the wall where the bed is into into a focal wall by painting it white and creating different-sized irregular-shaped ovals and circles with brown or black paint. Cover the bed with a down or down alternative white comforter and accent it with a cow print throw blanket or pillow. A wrought iron or log bed frame works well in a bedroom that features cow print. Cover the windows with microfiber curtains that match the color cow spots you created on the wall. Place wrought iron lamps on the bedside tables. Hang a wrought iron star on the wall above your bed to complete the look.

Kitchen

Give your kitchen a Western frontier vibe that features cow print. Paint the walls a warm shade of yellow or red. Place a repurposed wooden table in the space, surrounded by wooden chairs that are topped with cow print cushions. Display cow print hand towels and pot holders on the countertops or off of the oven. Baskets hung on the walls not only serve as decorations, but can be removed to hold food. A pot holder installed on the ceiling to hold your pots and pans adds a rustic touch to the space. You could also use dishes that feature cow print or actual images of cows.

Living Room

A Western-themed living room is relaxing and inviting. Bring in a black or brown overstuffed sofa and chairs and accent them with cow print throw pillows. Place a cow print area rug on the floor. Hang a chandelier made of antlers from the ceiling or antlers on the wall. Place a large picture of a farm landscape that features a cow in a wooden frame and hang it on a wall. Give a light wood coffee table an aged look by using a hammer to softly bang some dents into it. Place a tall, thin vase inside a cowboy boot, fill it with a bouquet of wildflowers and display it in the center of the coffee table.

Tags: with print, that features, wrought iron, black brown, coffee table, features print